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16 March – Opening of the Cluny Museum dedicated to the history of medieval Paris. 14 November – First crèche, or day care center, is opened at Chaillot. 1845 Ring of new fortifications around the city, (the Thiers wall), begun in 1841, completed. [116] 27 April – First electric telegraph line tested between Paris and Rouen.
Foster attributes the surge of Tolkien fandom in the United States of the mid-1960s to a combination of the hippie subculture and anti-war movement pursuing "mellow freedom like that of the Shire" and "America's cultural Anglophilia" of the time, fuelled by a bootleg paperback version of The Lord of the Rings published by Ace Books followed up by an authorised edition by Ballantine Books. [8]
His son, Christian Tolkien (1706–1791), moved from Kreuzburg to nearby Danzig, and his two sons Daniel Gottlieb Tolkien (1747–1813) and Johann (later known as John) Benjamin Tolkien (1752–1819) emigrated to London in the 1770s and became the ancestors of the English family; the younger brother was J. R. R. Tolkien's second great-grandfather.
These timelines of world history detail recorded events since the creation of writing roughly 5000 years ago to the present day. For events from c. 3200 BC – c. 500 see: Timeline of ancient history; For events from c. 500 – c. 1499, see: Timeline of post-classical history; For events from c. 1500, see: Timelines of modern history
The volumes are: (HoME 6) The Return of the Shadow (1988)(HoME 7) The Treason of Isengard (1989) (HoME 8) The War of the Ring (1990) (HoME 9) Sauron Defeated (1992) [a] The first volume of The History encompasses three early phases of composition, including what Tolkien later called "the crucial chapter" which sets up the central plot, "The Shadow of the Past".
1660 – The four-year-old Charles XI became King of Sweden upon his father's death.; 1891 – Frances Coles was killed in the last of eleven unsolved murders of women that took place in or near the impoverished Whitechapel district in the East End of London.
The rest is history. Tolkien went on to create his first novel "The Hobbit" published in 1937. Almost twenty years later, the sequel "The Lord of the Rings" followed in three volumes, in 1954 and ...
Celebration cake for Hobbit Day at the Green Dragon Tavern on the Hobbiton Movie Set, in 2016. Hobbit Day is a name used for September 22nd in reference to its being the birthday of the hobbits Bilbo and Frodo Baggins, two fictional characters in J. R. R. Tolkien's popular set of books The Hobbit (first published on September 21, 1937) and The Lord of the Rings.