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There are ten bronchopulmonary segments in the right lung: three in the superior lobe, two in the middle lobe, and five in the inferior lobe. Some of the segments may fuse in the left lung to form usually eight to nine segments (four to five in the upper lobe and four to five in the lower lobe.
A ventilation/perfusion lung scan, also called a V/Q lung scan, or ventilation/perfusion scintigraphy, is a type of medical imaging using scintigraphy and medical isotopes to evaluate the circulation of air and blood within a patient's lungs, [1] [2] in order to determine the ventilation/perfusion ratio.
A pulmonary consolidation is a region of normally compressible lung tissue that has filled with liquid instead of air. [1] The condition is marked by induration [2] (swelling or hardening of normally soft tissue) of a normally aerated lung.
During initial stages, this is most often found in the lower lobes, although involvement of the upper lobes and right middle lobe has also been reported early in the disease course. [ 16 ] [ 18 ] This is in contrast to the two similar coronaviruses, SARS and MERS , which more commonly involve only one lung on initial imaging.
Lobar pneumonia is a form of pneumonia characterized by inflammatory exudate within the intra-alveolar space resulting in consolidation that affects a large and continuous area of the lobe of a lung. [1] [2] It is one of three anatomic classifications of pneumonia (the other being bronchopneumonia and atypical pneumonia).
Location: Upper lobe location is a risk factor for cancer, while a location close to a fissure or the pleura indicates a benign lymph node, [8] especially if having a triangular shape. [ 9 ] Margin morphology: a spiculated margin is a risk factor for cancer. [ 8 ]
Juxtaphrenic peak sign is a radiographic sign seen in lobar collapse or after lobectomy of the lung. [1] [2] This sign was first described by Katten and colleagues in 1980, and therefore, it is also called Katten's sign. [3]
The left bronchus has no eparterial branch, and therefore it has been supposed by some that there is no upper lobe to the left lung, but that the so-called upper lobe corresponds to the middle lobe of the right lung. The left main bronchus divides into two secondary bronchi or lobar bronchi, to deliver air to the two lobes of the left lung ...