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A girna near the Sopu Tower in the limits of Nadur, Gozo [1]. A girna (plural giren) is a type of traditional corbelled hut found in rural areas in parts of Malta. [2] They bear similarities with a number of dry stone vernacular building types found in other Mediterranean countries, and they are primarily used for storage or as temporary shelters.
Rubble masonry or rubble stone is rough, uneven building stone not laid in regular courses. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It may fill the core of a wall which is faced with unit masonry such as brick or ashlar . Some medieval cathedral walls have outer shells of ashlar with an inner backfill of mortarless rubble and dirt.
Fort St. Elmo, which had been severely damaged in the 1565 siege, was also rebuilt and integrated in the city walls. [6] The city of Valletta officially became the capital city of Malta and the seat of the Order on 18 March 1571, although it was still unfinished. [11] By the end of the 16th century, Valletta was the largest settlement in Malta ...
Core-and-veneer, brick and rubble, wall and rubble, ashlar and rubble, and emplekton all refer to a building technique where two parallel walls are constructed and the core between them is filled with rubble or other infill, creating one thick wall. [1] Originally, and in later poorly constructed walls, the rubble was not consolidated.
Rubble-work on Wyggeston's Chantry House in Leicester, built c. 1511 "Rubble-work" is a name applied to several types of masonry. [1] One kind, where the stones are loosely thrown together in a wall between boards and grouted with mortar almost like concrete, is called in Italian "muraglia di getto" and in French "bocage". [1]
Concrete recycling is the use of rubble from demolished concrete structures. Recycling is cheaper and more ecological than trucking rubble to a landfill. [1] Crushed rubble can be used for road gravel, revetments, retaining walls, landscaping gravel, or raw material for new concrete
The fortifications of Birgu (Maltese: Is-Swar tal-Birgu) are a series of defensive walls and other fortifications which surround the city of Birgu, Malta.The first fortification to be built was Fort Saint Angelo in the Middle Ages, and the majority of the fortifications were built between the 16th and 18th centuries by the Order of Saint John.
The fortifications of Senglea (Maltese: Is-Swar tal-Isla) are a series of defensive walls and other fortifications which surround the city of Senglea, Malta.The first fortification to be built was Fort Saint Michael in 1552, and the majority of the fortifications were built over the next decade when it was founded by Grand Master Claude de la Sengle.