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  2. Timeline of ancient history - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_ancient_history

    The date used as the end of the ancient era is arbitrary. The transition period from Classical Antiquity to the Early Middle Ages is known as Late Antiquity.Late Antiquity is a periodization used by historians to describe the transitional centuries from Classical Antiquity to the Middle Ages, in both mainland Europe and the Mediterranean world: generally from the end of the Roman Empire's ...

  3. List of oldest documents - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_oldest_documents

    The following is a list of the world's oldest surviving physical documents. Each entry is the most ancient of each language or civilization. For example, the Narmer Palette may be the most ancient from Egypt, but there are many other surviving written documents from Egypt later than the Narmer Palette but still more ancient than the Missal of Silos.

  4. Cradle of civilization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cradle_of_civilization

    The oldest known domesticated bovine in Africa are from Fayum dating to around 4400 BC. [60] The Badari cultures was followed by the Naqada culture, which brought a number of technological improvements. [61] As early as the first Naqada Period, Amratia, Egyptians imported obsidian from Ethiopia, used to shape blades and other objects from ...

  5. Ancient history - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_history

    Ancient history is a time period from the beginning of writing and recorded human history through late antiquity.The span of recorded history is roughly 5,000 years, beginning with the development of Sumerian cuneiform script.

  6. Sumer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumer

    Sumer (/ ˈ s uː m ər /) is the earliest known civilization, located in the historical region of southern Mesopotamia (now south-central Iraq), emerging during the Chalcolithic and early Bronze Ages between the sixth and fifth millennium BC.

  7. Civilization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civilization

    The ancient Sumerians of Mesopotamia were the oldest civilization in the world, beginning about 4000 BCE. Ancient Egypt is an example of an early culture civilization. [1]A civilization (also spelled civilisation in British English) is any complex society characterized by the development of the state, social stratification, urbanization, and symbolic systems of communication beyond signed or ...

  8. Human history - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_history

    Human history is the record of humankind from prehistory to the present. Modern humans evolved in Africa around 300,000 years ago and initially lived as hunter-gatherers.They migrated out of Africa during the Last Ice Age and had spread across Earth's continental land except Antarctica by the end of the Ice Age 12,000 years ago.

  9. History of Mesopotamia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Mesopotamia

    Map showing the extent of Mesopotamia. The Civilization of Mesopotamia ranges from the earliest human occupation in the Paleolithic period up to Late antiquity.This history is pieced together from evidence retrieved from archaeological excavations and, after the introduction of writing in the late 4th millennium BC, an increasing amount of historical sources.