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The Bonus Army was a group of 43,000 demonstrators – 17,000 veterans of U.S. involvement in World War I, their families, and affiliated groups – who gathered in Washington, D.C., in mid-1932 to demand early cash redemption of their service bonus certificates.
Parker, Robert V. "The Bonus March of 1932: A Unique Experience in North Carolina Political and Social Life." North Carolina Historical Review 51.1 (1974): 64-89. ONLINE; Tugwell, Rexford G. "Roosevelt and the Bonus Marchers of 1932." Political Science Quarterly 87.3 (1972): 363-376. Tugwell was a top FDR aide. online
The bonus was due in 1945, but the Great Depression created financial p ... D.C. in the spring and summer of 1932 to demand an early cash payment of a bonus they were promised for their volunteer ...
On July 28, 1932, two bonus marchers were shot by police, causing the entire mob to become hostile and riotous. The FBI, then known as the United States Bureau of Investigation, checked its fingerprint records to obtain the police records of individuals who had been arrested during the riots or who had participated in the bonus march. [58] [59]
1932 January 6 Cox's Army: A march of 25,000 unemployed Pennsylvanians to encourage Congress to start a public works program. 1932 May–July Bonus Army: March by 20,000 World War I veterans and their families seeking advance payment of bonuses from the Hoover administration; two killed. 1939 April 9 Marian Anderson concert 75,000 estimated ...
In January 1932, Cox led a march of 20,000 unemployed Pennsylvanians, dubbed "Cox's Army", on Washington, D.C, the largest demonstration to that date in the nation's capital. [1] He hoped the action would stir Congress to start a public works program and to increase the inheritance tax to 70%. [ 2 ]
Bonus Army marchers confront the police.. Among the hundreds of Hoovervilles across the U.S. during the 1930s were those in: Anacostia in the District of Columbia: The Bonus Army, a group of World War I veterans seeking expedited benefits, established a Hooverville in 1932.
Veterans of the First World War known as the Bonus Army Marchers began gathering in Washington, D.C., urging Congress to pass a bill allowing them to borrow against their future bonus. [ 61 ] [ 62 ] Juventus F. C. defeated Brescia Calcio 3-0 and won Serie A 1931-32 two weeks in advance.