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The bladder also contains β 3 adrenergic receptors, and pharmacological agonists of this receptor are used to treat overactive bladder. The mucosa of the urinary bladder may herniate through the detrusor muscle. [6] This is most often an acquired condition due to high pressure in the urinary bladder, damage, or existing connective tissue ...
It is located at the junction of the urethra with the urinary bladder and is continuous with the detrusor muscle, [1] [2] but anatomically and functionally fully independent from it. [3] It is composed of smooth muscle , so it is under the control of the autonomic nervous system , specifically the sympathetic nervous system .
Stress urinary incontinence is a common problem related to the function of the urethral sphincter. Weak pelvic floor muscles, intrinsic sphincter damage, or damage to the surrounding nerves and tissue can make the urethral sphincter incompetent, and subsequently it will not close fully, leading to stress urinary incontinence.
The lower third of the ureter, closest to the bladder, is supplied by branches from the internal iliac arteries, mainly the superior and inferior vesical arteries. [1] The arterial supply can be variable, with arteries that contribute include the middle rectal artery, branches directly from the aorta, [1] and, in women, the uterine and vaginal ...
The nerves composing it are numerous, and contain a large proportion of spinal nerve fibers. They accompany the vesicle arteries , and are distributed to the sides and fundus of the bladder . Numerous filaments also pass to the seminal vesicles and vas deferens ; those accompanying the vas deferens join, on the spermatic cord , with branches ...
The pubovesical ligament is the continuation of the detrusor muscle and the adventitia surrounding the urinary bladder. [1] [2] It connects the urinary bladder to the pubis and to the tendinous arch of the pelvic fascia. [1] It may also integrate fibres from the proximal side of the prostate in men. [2]
Bladder location and associated structures in the male. In males, the prostate gland lies outside the opening for the urethra. The middle lobe of the prostate causes an elevation in the mucous membrane behind the internal urethral orifice called the uvula of urinary bladder. The uvula can enlarge when the prostate becomes enlarged.
The coccygeus muscle completes the pelvic floor, which is also called the pelvic diaphragm. It supports the viscera in the pelvic cavity , and surrounds the various structures that pass through it. The levator ani is the main pelvic floor muscle and contracts rhythmically during female orgasm , and painfully during vaginismus .