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The sheer speed of the German advance meant that any Soviet evacuation efforts were troublesome. As a result of the German invasion of World War II, the Economy of the Soviet Union suffered punishing blows, with Soviet GDP falling 34% between 1940 and 1942. [3] Industrial output did not recover to its 1940 level for almost a decade. [4]
The US and the USSR fought alongside each other in World War II, but following the end of the war, the United States was opposed to the Soviet Union's military occupation and domination of Eastern Europe. As tensions grew into the Cold War, relations became hostile with large-scale war plans, but no direct war took place.
Industrialization in the Soviet Union was a process of accelerated building-up of the industrial potential of the Soviet Union to reduce the economy's lag behind the developed capitalist states, which was carried out from May 1929 to June 1941.
The entry of the Soviet Union in the war against Japan along with the atomic bombings by the United States led to Japan's surrender, marking the end of World War II. The Soviet Union suffered the greatest number of casualties in the war, losing more than 20 million citizens, about a third of all World War II casualties.
At this time Western workers also began emigrating to Russia. By the end of 1921, at least 500 Germans and a few hundred other foreigners were employed in Soviet factories. [ 1 ] A permanent commission on foreign immigration was formed under the STO (Sovet Truda I Oboroni) , which received approximately 420,000 requests for admission between ...
The Soviets bore the brunt of World War II because the West did not open up a second ground front in Europe until the invasion of Italy and the Battle of Normandy. Approximately 26.6 million Soviets, among them 18 million civilians, were killed in the war. Civilians were rounded up and burned or shot in many cities conquered by the Nazis.
In occupied Germany after World War II the Morgenthau Plan was implemented, although not in its most extreme version. [12]: 530 The plan was present in the U.S. occupation directive JCS 1067 [13] [12]: 520 and in the Allied "industrial disarmament" plans. [12]: 520 On February 2, 1946, a dispatch from Berlin reported:
In World War II Russia occupies a dominant position and is the decisive factor looking toward the defeat of the Axis in Europe. While in Sicily the forces of Great Britain and the United States are being opposed by 2 German divisions, the Russian front is receiving attention of approximately 200 German divisions.