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Lebanon is an eastern Mediterranean country that has the most religiously diverse society within the Middle East, recognizing 18 religious sects. [2] [3] The recognized religions are Islam (Sunni, Shia, Alawites, and Isma'ili), Druze, Christianity (the Maronite Church, the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Antioch, the Melkite Greek Catholic Church, evangelical Protestantism, the Armenian ...
The second map shows the borders of the 1861–1918 Mount Lebanon Mutasarrifate, overlaid on a map of modern day Lebanon showing religious groups distribution Following the collapse of the Ottoman Empire after World War I , the League of Nations mandated the five provinces that make up present-day Lebanon to the direct control of France.
A map of religious and ethnic communities of Syria and Lebanon (1935) According to the CIA World Factbook , [ 17 ] in 2021 the Muslim population was estimated at 60% within Lebanese territory and 20% of the over 4 million [ 6 ] [ 7 ] [ 8 ] Lebanese diaspora population.
In 1960 the World Lebanese Cultural Union was established under the authority of the President Fouad Chehab. [13] France has always been an important destination for the Lebanese diaspora, because Lebanon used to be administrated by the French after WWI and because French language is massively spoken in Lebanon. [14] [15] [16]
A map of religious and ethnic communities of Syria and Lebanon (1935) Before the Christian faith reached the territory of Lebanon, Jesus had traveled to its southern parts near Tyre where the scripture tells that he cured a possessed Canaanite child. [nb 1] [7] [8] Christianity in Lebanon is as old as gentile Christian faith itself.
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Lebanon, due to its tense sectarian diversity, has a unique political system, known as confessionalism, in which each religious group is allocated a fixed number of seats in parliament. [2] The country enjoyed a period of relative calm and prosperity before the devastating Lebanese Civil War from 1975 to 1990. [ 3 ]
Articles 9 and 10 of the 1926 Constitution of Lebanon guaranteed the freedom of religion and provided each religious community, including the Jewish community, the right to manage its own civil matters, including education, and thus the Jewish community was constitutionally protected, a fact that did not apply to other Jewish communities in the ...