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Russian distinguishes hard (unpalatalized or plain) and soft (palatalized) consonants (both phonetically and orthographically). Soft consonants, most of which are denoted by a superscript ʲ , are pronounced with the body of the tongue raised toward the hard palate, like the articulation of the y sound in yes.
The Russian alphabet (ру́сский алфави́т, russkiy alfavit, [a] or ру́сская а́збука, russkaya azbuka, [b] more traditionally) is the script used to write the Russian language.
Russian vowel chart by Jones & Trofimov (1923:55). The symbol i̝ stands for a positional variant of /i/ raised in comparison with the usual allophone of /i/, not a raised cardinal which would result in a consonant. Russian stressed vowel chart according to their formants and surrounding consonants, from Timberlake (2004:31, 38). C is hard (non ...
/ʒ/ or /z̠/ (Iron dialect of Ossetian, but /z/ in Digoron and Kudairag); clusters зж and зш are pronounced in Russian as if they were жж and шш , respectively (even if з is the last letter of a preposition, like in Russian без жены "without wife" or из школы "from school");
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Vowels pronounced with the tongue lowered are at the bottom, and vowels pronounced with the tongue raised are at the top. For example, [ɑ] (the first vowel in father) is at the bottom because the tongue is lowered in this position. [i] (the vowel in "meet") is at the top because the sound is said with the tongue raised to the roof of the mouth.
This sound, sometimes transcribed /zh/, occurs in the pronunciation of si in vision / ˈ v ɪ ʒ ən / and precision / p r ɪ ˈ s ɪ ʒ ən /, the s in treasure / ˈ t r ɛ ʒ ər /, and the g in beige / b eɪ ʒ /. Ezh is also used as a letter in some orthographies of Laz and Skolt Sami, both by itself, and with a caron ( Ǯ ǯ ).
Ź ź : Latin letter Z with acute; Ž ž : Latin letter Z with caron; Ż ż : Latin letter Z with dot above; J j : Latin letter J - the same sound in Romanian, Turkish, Azerbaijani, French, Portuguese, and Catalan; Ʒ ʒ : Latin letter Ezh; Җ җ : Cyrillic letter Zhje; Ӝ ӝ : Cyrillic letter Zhe with diaeresis