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Methylthioninium chloride, commonly called methylene blue, is a salt used as a dye and as a medication.As a medication, it is mainly used to treat methemoglobinemia by chemically reducing the ferric iron in hemoglobin to ferrous iron.
Methylene blue is given as a 1% solution (10 mg/ml) 1 to 2 mg/kg administered intravenously slowly over five minutes. Although the response is usually rapid, the dose may be repeated in one hour if the level of methemoglobin is still high one hour after the initial infusion. Methylene blue inhibits monoamine oxidase, and serotonin toxicity can ...
New methylene blue (also NMB) [clarify] is an organic compound of the thiazine class of heterocycles. It is used as a stain and as an antimicrobial agent. It is classified as an azine dye, and the chromophore is a cation, the anion is often unspecified.
The aqueous solution in the classical reaction contains glucose, sodium hydroxide and methylene blue. [14] In the first step an acyloin of glucose is formed. The next step is a redox reaction of the acyloin with methylene blue in which the glucose is oxidized to diketone in alkaline solution [6] and methylene blue is reduced to colorless leucomethylene blue.
When older, children may squat to feel relief since this increases the systemic vascular resistance causing more blood to go towards the lungs, resulting in increased oxygenation. [ 18 ] Babies with cyanosis due to methemoglobinemia also usually present with cyanosis in the neonatal period, but pulse oximetry may be falsely elevated and does ...
The disorder can cause heart abnormalities and seizures if the amount of methemoglobin in the blood exceeds 20 percent, but at levels between 10 and 20 percent it can cause blue skin without other symptoms. Most of the Fugates lived long and healthy lives. The "bluest" of the blue Fugates, Luna Stacy, had 13 children and lived to age 84. [6]
Allergic-like reactions and methemoglobinemia have been documented after the use of methylene blue dye in chromopertubation. [9] These reported symptoms vary from blue discoloration of body fluids to anaphylactic shock. [10] Methemoglobinemia is a blood disorder that can potentially result in various levels of cyanosis. [11]
Nortriptyline should not be used in the acute recovery phase after myocardial infarction (heart attack). [5] Use of tricyclic antidepressants along with a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI), linezolid, or IV methylene blue are contraindicated as it can cause an increased risk of developing serotonin syndrome.
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