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The dynamic lengthening and shortening of spindle microtubules, through a process known as dynamic instability determines to a large extent the shape of the mitotic spindle and promotes the proper alignment of chromosomes at the spindle midzone. Microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) associate with microtubules at the midzone and the spindle ...
In prophase of mitosis, specialized regions on centromeres called kinetochores attach chromosomes to spindle fibers. The centromere links a pair of sister chromatids together during cell division. This constricted region of chromosome connects the sister chromatids, creating a short arm (p) and a long arm (q) on the chromatids.
Microtubule and tubulin metrics [1]. Microtubules are polymers of tubulin that form part of the cytoskeleton and provide structure and shape to eukaryotic cells. Microtubules can be as long as 50 micrometres, as wide as 23 to 27 nm [2] and have an inner diameter between 11 and 15 nm. [3]
The spindle checkpoint, or SAC (for spindle assembly checkpoint), also known as the mitotic checkpoint, is a cellular mechanism responsible for detection of: correct assembly of the mitotic spindle; attachment of all chromosomes to the mitotic spindle in a bipolar manner; congression of all chromosomes at the metaphase plate.
The spindle pole body (SPB) is the microtubule organizing center in yeast cells, functionally equivalent to the centrosome. Unlike the centrosome the SPB does not contain centrioles. The SPB organises the microtubule cytoskeleton which plays many roles in the cell. It is important for organising the spindle and thus in cell division.
The microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) is a structure found in eukaryotic cells from which microtubules emerge. MTOCs have two main functions: the organization of eukaryotic flagella and cilia and the organization of the mitotic and meiotic spindle apparatus , which separate the chromosomes during cell division .
Foods high in saturated fat, such as fatty meats, full-fat dairy, and tropical oils like coconut oil. Drinks with added sugar. Salt. Sweets and highly processed foods.
Spindle oils are a type of low-viscosity mineral oil marketed for use in lubrication of high-speed machine spindles. [1] Spindle oil is free from gumming properties. [2] Since the viscosity is so low that the oil runs off the surface of the spindle during shut-down periods, the spindle oil may be doped with additives that prevent rusting.