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The Kuomintang heavily discouraged the use of Southern Min and other non-Mandarin languages, portraying them as inferior, [28] [29] and school children were punished for speaking their non-Mandarin native languages. [25] Guoyu was thus established as a lingua franca among the various groups in Taiwan at the expense of existing languages. [29] [30]
In the last 400 years, several waves of Han emigrations brought several different Sinitic languages into Taiwan. These languages include Taiwanese Hokkien, Hakka, and Mandarin, which have become the major languages spoken in present-day Taiwan. Formosan languages were the dominant language of prehistorical Taiwan.
Where Han characters are used, they are not always etymological or genetic; the borrowing of similar-sounding or similar-meaning characters is a common practice. Bilingual speakers of both Mandarin and Taiwanese sometimes attempt to represent the sounds by adopting similar-sounding Mandarin Han characters.
The dictionary uses the Taiwanese Romanization System (based on pe̍h-ōe-jī) to indicate pronunciations and includes audio files for many words. As of 2013, the dictionary included entries for 20,000 words. [1] In September 2000, initial plans to commission the dictionary were put forth by the National Languages Committee of the Ministry of ...
Officially issued online versions of the dictionary include the Concised Mandarin Chinese Dictionary [3] and the Revised Mandarin Chinese Dictionary (《重編國語辭典修定本》). [1] [4] [5] [6] The Revised Mandarin Chinese Dictionary includes 156,710 entries, [7] and was published in 1994. [8]
Hokkien, a variety of Chinese that forms part of the Southern Min family and is spoken in Southeastern China, Taiwan and Southeast Asia, does not have a unitary standardized writing system, in comparison with the well-developed written forms of Cantonese and Standard Chinese (Mandarin). In Taiwan, a standard for Written Hokkien has been ...
The official romanization system for Taiwanese Hokkien (usually called "Taiwanese") in Taiwan is known as Tâi-uân Tâi-gí Lô-má-jī Phing-im Hong-àn, [I] [1] often shortened to Tâi-lô. It is derived from Pe̍h-ōe-jī and since 2006 has been one of the phonetic notation systems officially promoted by Taiwan's Ministry of Education. [2]
Chinese eventually replaced many of the languages previously dominant in these areas, and forms of the language spoken in different regions began to diverge. [7] During periods of political unity there was a tendency for states to promote the use of a standard language across the territory they controlled, in order to facilitate communication ...