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KHP K + + HP −. and then, acting as a weak acid, hydrogen phthalate reacts reversibly with water to give hydronium (H 3 O +) and phthalate ions. HP − + H 2 O ⇌ P 2− + H 3 O + KHP can be used as a buffering agent in combination with hydrochloric acid (HCl) or sodium hydroxide (NaOH). The buffering region is dependent upon the pKa, and is ...
In chemical synthesis, the choice between the use of KOH and the use of NaOH is guided by the solubility or keeping quality of the resulting salt. The corrosive properties of potassium hydroxide make it a useful ingredient in agents and preparations that clean and disinfect surfaces and materials that can themselves resist corrosion by KOH.
The equivalence point, or stoichiometric point, of a chemical reaction is the point at which chemically equivalent quantities of reactants have been mixed. For an acid-base reaction the equivalence point is where the moles of acid and the moles of base would neutralize each other according to the chemical reaction.
For example, sodium hydroxide, NaOH, is a strong base. NaOH(aq) → Na + (aq) + OH − (aq) Therefore, when a strong acid reacts with a strong base the neutralization reaction can be written as H + + OH − → H 2 O. For example, in the reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide the sodium and chloride ions, Na + and Cl − take ...
The acid dissociation constant for an acid is a direct consequence of the underlying thermodynamics of the dissociation reaction; the pK a value is directly proportional to the standard Gibbs free energy change for the reaction.
In chemistry, acid value (AV, acid number, neutralization number or acidity) is a number used to quantify the acidity of a given chemical substance.It is the quantity of base (usually potassium hydroxide (KOH)), expressed as milligrams of KOH required to neutralize the acidic constituents in 1 gram of a sample.
The reaction between sodium hydroxide and some metals is also hazardous. Aluminium, magnesium, zinc, tin, chromium, brass and bronze all react with lye to produce hydrogen gas. Since hydrogen is flammable, mixing a large quantity of lye with aluminium could result in an explosion. Both the potassium and sodium forms are able to dissolve copper.
For acid–base reactions, the equivalent weight of an acid or base is the mass which supplies or reacts with one mole of hydrogen cations (H + For redox reactions , the equivalent weight of each reactant supplies or reacts with one mole of electrons (e − ) in a redox reaction .