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Elisha Graves Otis (August 3, 1811 – April 8, 1861) was an American industrialist and founder of the Otis Elevator Company. [1] In 1853, he invented a safety device that prevents elevators from falling if the hoisting cable fails.
A paternoster in Prague Paternoster elevator in The Hague, when it was still in operation. A paternoster (/ ˌ p eɪ t ər ˈ n ɒ s t ər /, / ˌ p ɑː-/, or / ˌ p æ-/) or paternoster lift is a passenger elevator which consists of a chain of open compartments (each usually designed for two people) that move slowly in a loop up and down inside a building without stopping.
The safety and speed of electric elevators were significantly enhanced by Frank Sprague, who added floor control, automatic operation, acceleration control, and further safety devices. His elevator ran faster and with larger loads than hydraulic or steam elevators. 584 of Sprague's elevators were installed before he sold his company to the Otis ...
For example, elevators are equipped with an interlock that prevents the moving elevator from opening its doors and prevents the stationary elevator (with open doors) from moving. Interlocks may include sophisticated elements such as curtains of infrared beams , photodetectors , simple switches , and locks .
Hoist atop an elevator. A hoist is a device used for lifting or lowering a load by means of a drum or lift-wheel around which rope or chain wraps. It may be manually operated, electrically or pneumatically driven and may use chain, fiber or wire rope as its lifting medium.
Governors are used in elevators. It acts as a stopping mechanism in case the elevator runs beyond its tripping speed (which is usually a factor of the maximum speed of the lift and is preset by the manufacturer as per the international lift safety guidelines). This device must be installed in traction elevators and roped hydraulic elevators.
2.5 cm from elevator cabin. 3.0 cm from elevator lobby. 50 cm for door horizontal sensing. 1.8 m for door vertical sensing. Should not fail if any fail-safe related to safety device fails. Response time of the sensing device should be less than 50 milliseconds. Stopping time of the door should be less than 200 milliseconds.
A belt manlift or manlift is a device for moving passengers between floors of a building. It is a simple belt with steps or platforms and handholds rather than an elevator with cars. Its design is similar to that of a paternoster lift. The belt is a loop that moves in a single direction, so one can go up or down by using the opposite sides of ...
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