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Smoker melanosis in a patient consuming 2 packs of cigarette per day. Smoking or the use of nicotine-containing drugs is the cause to Smoker's melanosis. [10] [11] Tar-components (benzopyrenes) are also known to stimulate melanocytes to melanin production, and other unknown toxic agents in tobacco may also be the cause.
The cause of nicotine stomatitis is thought to be chemical or thermally induced keratosis. [3] The chemicals in tobacco may act as irritants in this condition. [2] Chronic heat exposure is also responsible. Pipe smoking produces more heat on the palate than any other forms of smoking.
Cigarettes are known to cause many lung diseases including emphysema, chronic bronchitis, and lung cancer. Smoker's macrophages are alveolar macrophages whose characteristics, including appearance, cellularity, phenotypes, immune response, and other functions, have been affected upon the exposure to cigarettes. [1]
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 7 January 2025. Circumstances, mechanisms, and factors of tobacco consumption on human health "Health effects of smoking" and "Dangers of smoking" redirect here. For cannabis, see Effects of cannabis. For smoking crack cocaine, see Crack cocaine § Health issues. "Smoking and health" redirects here. For ...
The LD 50 of nicotine is 50 mg/kg for rats and 3 mg/kg for mice. 0.5–1.0 mg/kg can be a lethal dosage for adult humans, and 0.1 mg/kg for children. [19] [20] However the widely used human LD 50 estimate of 0.5–1.0 mg/kg was questioned in a 2013 review, in light of several documented cases of humans surviving much higher doses; the 2013 review suggests that the lower limit causing fatal ...
Tobacco vein distorting virus and tobacco mottle virus in combination Stolbur: Phytoplasma: Tobacco etch Tobacco etch virus: Tobacco leaf curl Tobacco leaf curl virus: Tobacco mosaic Tobacco mosaic virus and Satellite Tobacco Mosaic Virus: Tobacco necrosis Tobacco necrosis virus: Tobacco rattle Tobacco rattle virus: Tobacco ring spot Tobacco ...
It is a very common oral condition and affects 13% of the world population. It is often due to poor oral hygiene which leads to accumulation of oral bacteria and build up of keratin on the tongue surface. Black hairy tongue can also be associated with the use of certain medications such as antibiotics, prolonged coffee/tea drinking habit, or ...
The cause is unknown, [2] but it is thought to be caused by intracellular edema of the superficial epithelial cells coupled with retention of superficial parakeratin. Although leukoedema is thought to be a developmental condition, it may be more common and more pronounced in smokers, and becomes less noticeable when smoking is stopped.