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In osteology, the osteon or haversian system (/ h ə ˈ v ɜːr. ʒ ən /; named for Clopton Havers) is the fundamental functional unit of much compact bone. Osteons are roughly cylindrical structures that are typically between 0.25 mm and 0.35 mm in diameter . [ 1 ]
In some primitive fishes, such as lampreys, this region is the largest part of the brain. [43] The superior colliculus is part of the midbrain. The pallium is a layer of grey matter that lies on the surface of the forebrain and is the most complex and most recent evolutionary development of the brain as an organ. [44]
The head rests on the top part of the vertebral column, with the skull joining at C1 (the first cervical vertebra known as the atlas). The skeletal section of the head and neck forms the top part of the axial skeleton and is made up of the skull, hyoid bone, auditory ossicles, and cervical spine. The skull can be further subdivided into:
The brain consumes up to 20% of the energy used by the human body, more than any other organ. [131] In humans, blood glucose is the primary source of energy for most cells and is critical for normal function in a number of tissues, including the brain. [ 132 ]
Most famous parts of the brain highlighted in different colours The human brain anatomical regions are ordered following standard neuroanatomy hierarchies. Functional , connective , and developmental regions are listed in parentheses where appropriate.
A bone is a rigid organ [1] that constitutes part of the skeleton in most vertebrate animals. Bones protect the various other organs of the body, produce red and white blood cells, store minerals, provide structure and support for the body, and enable mobility.
The frontal and sphenoid bones are towards the front middle of the skull and in front of the temporal bone. The ethmoid bone is the bone at the roof of the nose that separates the nasal cavity from the brain. It is a part of the dorsal cavity the cranial cavity and the spinal cord. The occipital bone is at the back of the skull.
Vestibular nerve (part of cranial nerve 8) – the main equilibrioception-related cranial nerve; Peripheral chemoreceptor in the brain – monitors the carbon dioxide and oxygen levels in the brain Chemoreceptor trigger zone – area in the brain that receives inputs from drugs and hormones, and controls vomiting