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Cystatin C has a low molecular weight (approximately 13.3 kilodaltons), and it is removed from the bloodstream by glomerular filtration in the kidneys. If kidney function and glomerular filtration rate decline, the blood levels of cystatin C rise.
Pores in one of the structures of the glomerular filtration barrier. Shrunken pore syndrome (SPS) is a kidney disorder described in 2015 in which the pores in the glomerular filtration barrier are hypothesized to have shrunken so that the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of 5–30 kDa proteins, for example cystatin C, is selectively reduced compared to that of small molecules (less than 5 kDa ...
Males produce approximately 150 μmol to 200 μmol of creatinine per kilogram of body weight per 24 h, while females produce approximately 100 μmol/kg/24 h to 150 μmol/kg/24 h. In normal circumstances, all the creatinine produced is excreted in the urine. Creatinine concentration is checked during standard urine drug tests.
These are cystatin-like proteins found in a range of organisms: plant phytocystatins, fetuin in mammals, insect cystatins, and a puff adder venom cystatin, which inhibits metalloproteases of the MEROPS peptidase family M12 (astacin/adamalysin). Also, a number of the cystatin-like proteins have been shown to be devoid of inhibitory activity.
One of these is cystatin C, a ubiquitous protein secreted by most cells in the body (it is an inhibitor of cysteine protease). [14] Cystatin C is freely filtered at the glomerulus. After filtration, Cystatin C is reabsorbed and catabolized by the tubular epithelial cells, with only small amounts excreted in the urine.
The molecular masses of proteins, nucleic acids, and other large polymers are often expressed with the unit kilodalton (kDa) and megadalton (MDa). [4] Titin, one of the largest known proteins, has a molecular mass of between 3 and 3.7 megadaltons. [5]
For a healthy heart, the best breakfast is one that provides 20% to 30% of daily calorie intake, while wating either less or more may increase certain cardiometabolic risk factors in older adults.
n/a Ensembl ENSG00000170369 n/a UniProt P09228 n/a RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001322 n/a RefSeq (protein) NP_001313 n/a Location (UCSC) Chr 20: 23.82 – 23.83 Mb n/a PubMed search n/a Wikidata View/Edit Human Cystatin-SA is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CST2 gene. The cystatin superfamily encompasses proteins that contain multiple cystatin-like sequences. Some of the members are active ...