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  2. Cardiomegaly - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiomegaly

    Cardiomegaly can be classified by the main enlarged location of the heart, and/or by the structure of the enlargement. Specific subtypes include athletic heart syndrome, which is a non-pathological condition commonly seen in sports medicine in which the heart is enlarged, and the resting heart rate is lower than normal.

  3. Athletic heart syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athletic_heart_syndrome

    Athletic heart syndrome (AHS) is a non-pathological condition commonly seen in sports medicine in which the human heart is enlarged, and the resting heart rate is lower than normal. The athlete's heart is associated with physiological cardiac remodeling as a consequence of repetitive cardiac loading. [ 3 ]

  4. Left ventricular hypertrophy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Left_ventricular_hypertrophy

    S in V 1 or V 2 ≥30 mm; R in V 5 or V 6 ≥30 mm; 3 ST-T Abnormalities: ST-T vector opposite to QRS without digitalis; ST-T vector opposite to QRS with digitalis; 3 1 Negative terminal P mode in V 1 1 mm in depth and 0.04 sec in duration (indicates left atrial enlargement) 3 Left axis deviation (QRS of −30° or more) 2 QRS duration ≥0.09 ...

  5. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertrophic_cardiomyopathy

    The prevalence of HCM in the general population around the world is 0.2% (1 in 500 adults), as determined from echocardiographic studies. [17] HCM is more common in males than in females. [ 17 ] The most common presentation of HCM is in the third decade of life, though it can present at any age, from newborns to the elderly.

  6. Left atrial enlargement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Left_atrial_enlargement

    [4] Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) may be a cause of LAE in some cases. When an OSA event occurs, an attempt is made to breathe with an obstructed airway and the pressure inside the chest is suddenly lowered. The negative intrathoracic pressure may cause the left atrium to expand and stretch its walls during each OSA event.

  7. Coronary artery ectasia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronary_artery_ectasia

    [2] [3] Coronary artery ectasia occurs 4 times more frequently in males than in females and in people who have risk factors for heart disease such as smokers. [ 1 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] While the disease is commonly found in patients with atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease, it can occur by itself and in both cases, it can cause health problems.

  8. Right ventricular hypertrophy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right_ventricular_hypertrophy

    Right ventricular hypertrophy is the intermediate stage between increased right ventricular pressure (in the early stages) and right ventricle failure (in the later stages). [11] As such, management of right ventricular hypertrophy is about either preventing the development of right ventricular hypertrophy in the first place, or preventing the ...

  9. Formation (association football) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formation_(association...

    4–3–21 formation. The 4–3–21, commonly described as the "Christmas tree" formation, has another forward brought on for a midfielder to play "in the hole", so leaving two forwards slightly behind the most forward striker. Terry Venables and Christian Gross used this formation during their time in charge of Tottenham Hotspur.