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The titer corresponds to the highest dilution factor that still yields a positive reading. [2] For example, positive readings in the first 8 serial, twofold dilutions translate into a titer of 1:256 (i.e., 2 −8). Titres are sometimes expressed by the denominator only, for example 1:256 is written 256. [3]
The TCID 50 (50% tissue culture infectious dose) assay is the measure of infectious virus titer. This endpoint dilution assay quantifies the amount of virus required to kill 50% of infected hosts or to produce a cytopathic effect in 50% of inoculated tissue culture cells. This assay may be more common in clinical research applications where the ...
The plaque reduction neutralization test is used to quantify the titer of neutralizing antibody for a virus. [1] [2] The serum sample or solution of antibody to be tested is diluted and mixed with a viral suspension. This is incubated to allow the antibody to react with the virus. This is poured over a confluent monolayer of host cells.
The titer value of that sample is the inverse of the dilution, i.e., 40. In some cases, the virus is initially so dilute that agglutinated wells are never observed. In that case, the titer of these samples is commonly assigned as 5, indicating the highest possible concentration, but the accuracy of that value is clearly low.
Viral load, also known as viral burden, is a numerical expression of the quantity of virus in a given volume of fluid, including biological and environmental specimens.It is not to be confused with viral titre or viral titer, which depends on the assay.
Biological responses to ligand concentrations typically follow a sigmoidal function. The inflection point at which the increase in response with increasing ligand concentration begins to slow is the EC 50, which can be mathematically determined by derivation of the best-fit line.
President-elect Donald Trump dismissed any suggestion that he’s being usurped by his high-profile billionaire ally Elon Musk during a speech at AmericaFest.
The water-accessible surface area of an IgG antibody. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is a type of antibody.Representing approximately 75% of serum antibodies in humans, IgG is the most common type of antibody found in blood circulation. [1]
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