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More specifically, infectivity is the extent to which the pathogen can enter, survive, and multiply in a host. It is measured by the ratio of the number of people who become infected to the total number exposed to the pathogen. [1] Infectivity has been shown to positively correlate with virulence, in plants. This means that as a pathogen's ...
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to concepts related to infectious diseases in humans.. Infection – transmission, entry/invasion after evading/overcoming defense, establishment, and replication of disease-causing microscopic organisms (pathogens) inside a host organism, and the reaction of host tissues to them and to the toxins they produce.
The relationship between the latent period, the infectious period (the period of communicability) and the incubation period.In some diseases, as depicted in this diagram, the latent period is shorter than the incubation period.
The specific incubation period for a disease process is the result of multiple factors, including: [citation needed] Dose or inoculum of an infectious agent; Route of inoculation; Rate of replication of infectious agent; Host susceptibility; Immune response
An infectious disease agent can be transmitted in two ways: as horizontal disease agent transmission from one individual to another in the same generation (peers in the same age group) [3] by either direct contact (licking, touching, biting), or indirect contact through air – cough or sneeze (vectors or fomites that allow the transmission of the agent causing the disease without physical ...
Epidemiology is the study and analysis of the distribution (who, when, and where), patterns and determinants of health and disease conditions in a defined population, and application of this knowledge to prevent diseases.
A study published in 2017 demonstrated this by improving patient education on both proper hand-washing procedure and important times to use sanitizer and successfully reduced the rate of enterococci and Staphylococcus aureus. [35] All visitors must follow the same procedures as hospital staff to adequately control the spread of infections.
The nursing process is a modified scientific method which is a fundamental part of nursing practices in many countries around the world. [1] [2] [3] Nursing practise was first described as a four-stage nursing process by Ida Jean Orlando in 1958. [4] It should not be confused with nursing theories or health informatics. The diagnosis phase was ...