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Proximal humerus fractures account for approximately 4-7% of all fractures in adults. [ 11 ] [ 8 ] It is the most common fracture of the humerus , as well as the most common fracture at the shoulder girdle .
Among proximal fractures, 80% are one-part, 10% are two-part, and the remaining 10% are three- and four-part. [22] The most common location of proximal fractures is at the surgical neck of the humerus. [3] Incidence of proximal fractures increases with age, with about 75% of cases occurring among people over the age of 60. [11]
A supracondylar humerus fracture is a fracture of the distal humerus just above the elbow joint. The fracture is usually transverse or oblique and above the medial and lateral condyles and epicondyles. This fracture pattern is relatively rare in adults, but is the most common type of elbow fracture in children. [1]
Injury of axillary nerve (axillary neuropathy) is a condition that can be associated with a surgical neck of the humerus fracture.. It can also be associated with a dislocated shoulder [1] or with traction injury to the nerve, which may be caused by over-aggressive stretching or blunt trauma that does not result in fracture or dislocation. [2]
A fracture in this area is most likely to cause damage to the axillary nerve and posterior circumflex humeral artery. Damage to the axillary nerve affects function of the teres minor and deltoid muscles, resulting in loss of abduction of arm (from 15-90 degrees), weak flexion, extension, and rotation of shoulder as well as loss of sensation of ...
Scapular fracture; Arm fracture. Humerus fracture (fracture of upper arm) Supracondylar fracture; Holstein-Lewis fracture – a fracture of the distal third of the humerus resulting in entrapment of the radial nerve; Forearm fracture. Ulnar fracture. Monteggia fracture – a fracture of the proximal third of the ulna with the dislocation of the ...
The radial head fracture is usually managed by open reduction internal fixation under general anaesthesia: the area is opened surgically, the surgeon forces the bones back into their correct positions, and then fixes them in place using titanium pins and/ or plates; if the fracture is too comminuted (i.e., the bones have been crushed or fractured into many pieces) a radial head implant can be ...
The supracondylar process of the humerus (also known as an avian spur) is a variant bony projection on the anteromedial aspect of the upper arm bone , about 5–6 cm above the medial epicondyle. [1] It is directed downward, forward and medially pointing to the medial epicondyle.