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When the humerus is driven from the glenoid cavity, its relatively soft head impacts against the anterior edge of the glenoid. The result is a divot or flattening in the posterolateral aspect of the humeral head, usually opposite the coracoid process. The mechanism which leads to shoulder dislocation is usually traumatic but can vary ...
Making it an uncommon cause of anterior shoulder instability. Avulsion of this ligamentous complex may occur in three sites: glenoid insertion (40%), the midsubstance (35%) and the humeral insertion (25%). [3] Bony humeral avulsion of the glenohumeral ligament (BHAGL) refers when we have HAGL with bony fracture. [3]
Proximal fractures make up 5% of all fractures and 25% of humerus fractures, [9] middle fractures about 60% of humerus fractures (12% of all fractures), [12] and distal fractures the remainder. Among proximal fractures, 80% are one-part, 10% are two-part, and the remaining 10% are three- and four-part. [ 22 ]
Proximal humerus fractures account for approximately 4-7% of all fractures in adults. [11] [8] It is the most common fracture of the humerus, as well as the most common fracture at the shoulder girdle. [11] [8] They are more common in women than men, and occur more often in older adults.
When this happens, a pocket at the front of the glenoid forms that allows the humeral head to dislocate into it. It is an indication for surgery and often accompanied by a Hill-Sachs lesion, damage to the posterior humeral head. [5] A bony Bankart is a Bankart lesion that includes a fracture of the anterior-inferior glenoid cavity of the ...
A supracondylar humerus fracture is a fracture of the distal humerus just above the elbow joint. The fracture is usually transverse or oblique and above the medial and lateral condyles and epicondyles. This fracture pattern is relatively rare in adults, but is the most common type of elbow fracture in children. [1]
Also present is a fracture of the greater tuberosity. Inferior dislocation is the least likely, occurring in less than 1%. This condition is also called luxatio erecta because the arm appears to be permanently held upward or behind the head. [18] It is caused by a hyper abduction of the arm that forces the humeral head against the acromion. [19]
It is vulnerable to injury with fractures of the humeral shaft as it lies in very close proximity to the bone (it descends within the spiral groove on the posterior aspect of the humerus). Characteristic findings following injury will be as a result of radial nerve palsy (e.g. weakness of wrist/finger extension and sensory loss over the dorsum ...