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Rudra (/ ˈ r ʊ d r ə /; Sanskrit: रुद्र) is a Rigvedic deity associated with Shiva, the wind or storms, [1] Vayu, [2] [3] medicine, and the hunt. [4] One translation of the name is 'the roarer'. [5] [6] [7] In the Rigveda, Rudra is praised as the "mightiest of the mighty". [8] Rudra means "who eradicates problems from their roots ...
In Vedic scriptures, Rudras are described as loyal companions of Rudra, who later was identified with Shiva. They are considered as divine aids , messengers and forms of Rudra. They are fearful in nature. The Satapatha Brahmana mentions that Rudra is the prince, while Rudras are his subjects. They are considered as attendants of Shiva in later ...
Shiva as we know him today shares many features with the Vedic god Rudra, [95] and both Shiva and Rudra are viewed as the same personality in Hindu scriptures. The two names are used synonymously. Rudra, a Rigvedic deity with fearsome powers, was the god of the roaring storm.
As Brahma/Sadyojata, Shiva creates. As Vishnu/Vamadeva, Shiva preserves. As Rudra/Aghora, he dissolves. This stands in contrast to the idea that Shiva is the "God of destruction." Shiva is the supreme God and performs all actions, of which destruction is only but one. Ergo, the Trimurti is a form of Shiva Himself for Shaivas.
The Sri Rudram is commonly chanted during the Pradosha time, which is considered to be a time auspicious for the worship of Shiva. There are some popular expiatory rites such as rudraikādaśinī, mahārudra and atirudra which employ the Shree Rudra mantra exclusively for pūjā japa and homa.
His five deeds, known "Panchakrityas" (five holy acts), are assigned to Panchamurti, his five aspects, viz., Brahma, Vishnu, Rudra, Mahesvara and Sadasiva (Mahesvara and Sadashiva are forms of Shiva, Rudra is also refers as Shiva ). Creation, Preservation, Destruction, Obscuration and Grace are done by these five manifestations respectively.
Rudra's identification with Shiva was put in writing for the first time in Shvetashvatara Upanishad and later in Yajurveda linked Taittiriya Samhita (S.4.5.1), in the Shata Rudriya section. The Vajasneya samhita (S. 3.63) also co-equals Shiva with Rudra by citing the mantra, “tam Shiva namasi”, meaning “I bow to you, Shiva”.
Ajaikapada is described as a Rudra in the Linga Purana too. [9] [13] In most cases Shiva is the governing deity of the Rudras, including Aja-Ekapada. [9] Ekapada icons are found in most of the important Shiva temples in South India, [14] "in some place or the other", at least carved on a pillar. [4]