Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Follistatin is studied for its role in regulation of muscle growth in mice, as an antagonist to myostatin (also known as GDF-8, a TGF superfamily member) which inhibits excessive muscle growth. Lee and McPherron demonstrated that inhibition of GDF-8, either by genetic elimination ( knockout mice ) or by increasing the amount of follistatin ...
The myosin head is the part of the thick myofilament made up of myosin that acts in muscle contraction, by sliding over thin myofilaments of actin.Myosin is the major component of the thick filaments and most myosin molecules are composed of a head, neck, and tail domain; the myosin head binds to thin filamentous actin, and uses ATP hydrolysis to generate force and "walk" along the thin filament.
[3] [4] The term has been extended to include a group of similar ATPases found in the cells of both striated muscle tissue and smooth muscle tissue. Following the discovery in 1973 of enzymes with myosin-like function in Acanthamoeba castellanii, a global range of divergent myosin genes have been discovered throughout the realm of eukaryotes. [5]
Though nebulette shares structural features with nebulin, nebulin is expressed preferentially in skeletal muscle and has an enormous size (600-900 kDa), while nebulette is expressed in cardiac muscle at Z-disc regions and is significantly smaller (roughly 1/6 of the size). [9] Nebulette interacts with actin, tropomyosin, alpha-actinin. [10]
Nebulin [5] is an actin-binding protein which is localized to the thin filament of the sarcomeres in skeletal muscle. Nebulin in humans is coded for by the gene NEB. It is a very large protein (600–900 kDa) and binds as many as 200 actin monomers.
The muscle fibers belonging to one motor unit can be spread throughout part, or most of the entire muscle, depending on the number of fibers and size of the muscle. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] When a motor neuron is activated, all of the muscle fibers innervated by the motor neuron are stimulated and contract.
Myostatin inhibitors are a class of drugs that work by blocking the effect of myostatin, which inhibits muscle growth. In animal models and limited human studies, myostatin inhibitors have increased muscle size. They are being developed to treat obesity, sarcopenia, muscular dystrophy, and other illnesses.
Muscle tropomyosin isoforms are involved in regulating interactions between actin and myosin in the muscle sarcomere and play a pivotal role in regulated muscle contraction. Nonmuscle tropomyosin isoforms function in both muscle and nonmuscle cells, and are involved in a range of cellular pathways that control and regulate the cell's ...