Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
The majority of intergroup contact research has focused on reducing prejudice towards African Americans. For example, in one study, Brown, Brown, Jackson, Sellers, and Manuel (2003) investigated the amount of contact white athletes had with black teammates and whether the athletes played an individual or team sport.
Benevolent prejudice is a superficially positive type of prejudice expressed in terms of apparently positive beliefs and emotional responses. Though this type of prejudice is associated with supposedly good things in certain groups, it still results in keeping the group members in inferior positions in society. [1]
Discrimination learning is defined in psychology as the ability to respond differently to different stimuli. This type of learning is used in studies regarding operant and classical conditioning . Operant conditioning involves the modification of a behavior by means of reinforcement or punishment.
The motives stem from a combination of personal, psychological and environmental factors. The Attraction processing creates outcomes of positive affect and intentions, as well as engaging in consumption behaviour related to the sport and event. The examples of I like football and I like Arsenal FC illustrate the attraction stage box.
The term "sport psychology" was first used back in 1900 by Pierre de Coubertin. The field saw notably contributions from the pioneers in Wundt and de Coubertin in the early 1900s. [6] The birth of sport psychology in Europe happened largely in Germany. The first sport psychology laboratory was founded by Dr. Carl Diem in Berlin, in the early ...
Example: if a rat in a Skinner box gets food when it presses a lever, its rate of pressing will go up. Pressing the lever was positively reinforced. Pressing the lever was positively reinforced. Negative reinforcement (a.k.a. escape) occurs when a behavior (response) is followed by the removal of an aversive stimulus, thereby increasing the ...
Sociology of sport, alternately referred to as sports sociology, is a sub-discipline of sociology which focuses on sports as social phenomena. It is an area of study concerned with the relationship between sociology and sports , and also various socio-cultural structures, patterns, and organizations or groups involved with sport.
Ambivalent prejudice is a social psychological theory that states that, when people become aware that they have conflicting beliefs about an outgroup (a group of people that do not belong to an individual's own group), they experience an unpleasant mental feeling generally referred to as cognitive dissonance.