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The AAR/APTA TypeE, TypeF, and TypeH couplers are all compatible Janney couplers, but used for different rail cars (general freight, tank cars, rotary hoppers, passenger, etc.). The knuckle coupler or Janney coupler was invented by Eli H. Janney , who received a patent in 1873 ( U.S. patent 138,405 ). [ 20 ]
The railcar couplers or couplings listed, described, and depicted below are used worldwide on legacy and modern railways. Compatible and similar designs are frequently referred to using widely differing make, brand, regional or nick names, which can make describing standard or typical designs confusing.
The first use of the Scharfenberg coupler was for the Manila MRT Line 3 in 1999. Meanwhile, the first use of the Shibata coupler was for the LRT Line 2. In the future, Shibata couplers are also expected for use on the MRT Line 7, the Metro Manila Subway, and the North–South Commuter Railway (NSCR). The NSCR is so far the only PNR line that ...
With gooseneck couplers or offset shank couplers, the horizontal centerline of the coupler head is above the horizontal centerline of the coupler shank, or shaft, and the draw gear. This arrangement is designed for use with low-floor freight cars , to lift the coupler head high enough to match the couplers on other rolling stock. [ 18 ]
To this end, all 400,000–450,000 freight wagons in Europe are to be equipped with fully automatic couplers in the coming years. [ 26 ] As part of that program, Dellner developed a digital automatic coupler in accordance with the DAC-4 standard, as well as a hybrid coupler for locomotives that can be used to simply convert old freight train ...
Narrow gauge flat wagons, 750 mm (2 ft 5 + 1 ⁄ 2 in).Note the single buffer with a hook on the right side and a chain on the other. On some narrow-gauge lines in Europe, and on the Paris Metro, a simplified version of the loose-coupler is used, consisting of a single central buffer with a chain underneath.
Type H Tightlock couplers are a variety of Janney coupler, typically used on North American mainline passenger rail cars. They have mechanical features that reduce slack in normal operation and prevent telescoping in derailments, yet remain compatible with other Janney types used by North American freight railroads.
The dual couplers are mounted to a pivot, allowing both to swing. Different types of railroad rolling stock have different couplers depending on the purpose and type of equipment being used and its intended destination. European rolling stock tend to use buffers and chain couplers while American rolling stock uses a Janney coupler or "knuckle ...