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It may happen that this makes the coefficient 0. [12] Polynomials can be classified by the number of terms with nonzero coefficients, so that a one-term polynomial is called a monomial, [d] a two-term polynomial is called a binomial, and a three-term polynomial is called a trinomial. A real polynomial is a polynomial with real coefficients.
Polynomials are added termwise, and multiplied by applying the distributive law and the usual rules for exponents. With these operations, polynomials form a ring R[x]. The multiplicative identity of R[x] is the polynomial x 0; that is, x 0 times any polynomial p(x) is just p(x). [2] Also, polynomials can be evaluated by specializing x to a real
A root of a polynomial is a zero of the corresponding polynomial function. [1] The fundamental theorem of algebra shows that any non-zero polynomial has a number of roots at most equal to its degree , and that the number of roots and the degree are equal when one considers the complex roots (or more generally, the roots in an algebraically ...
The first term has a degree of 5 (the sum of the powers 2 and 3), the second term has a degree of 1, and the last term has a degree of 0. Therefore, the polynomial has a degree of 5, which is the highest degree of any term.
In this case, the point at infinity is a pole of order n if n > 0, and a zero of order | | if n < 0. For example, a polynomial of degree n has a pole of degree n at infinity. The complex plane extended by a point at infinity is called the Riemann sphere.
In mathematics, the Schwartz–Zippel lemma (also called the DeMillo–Lipton–Schwartz–Zippel lemma) is a tool commonly used in probabilistic polynomial identity testing. Identity testing is the problem of determining whether a given multivariate polynomial is the 0-polynomial, the polynomial that ignores all its variables and always ...
For example, the polynomial + factorizes as () (+); hence, its roots are precisely 3, 1, and −2. In general, suppose R {\displaystyle R} is an integral domain and f {\displaystyle f} is a monic univariate polynomial of degree d ≥ 1 {\displaystyle d\geq 1} with coefficients in R {\displaystyle R} .
p is an integer factor of the constant term a 0, and q is an integer factor of the leading coefficient a n . The rational root theorem is a special case (for a single linear factor) of Gauss's lemma on the factorization of polynomials.