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Monoclonal antibodies can be acquired in the immune system via passive immunity or active immunity. The advantage of active monoclonal antibody therapy is the fact that the immune system will produce antibodies long-term, with only a short-term drug administration to induce this response.
This list of over 500 monoclonal antibodies includes approved and investigational drugs as well as drugs that have been withdrawn from market; consequently, the column Use does not necessarily indicate clinical usage. See the list of FDA-approved therapeutic monoclonal antibodies in the monoclonal antibody therapy page.
A general representation of the method used to produce monoclonal antibodies [1] [2] A monoclonal antibody (mAb, more rarely called moAb) is an antibody produced from a cell lineage made by cloning a unique white blood cell. All subsequent antibodies derived this way trace back to a unique parent cell.
On 16 April 2021, the FDA revoked the emergency use authorization (EUA) that allowed for the investigational monoclonal antibody therapy bamlanivimab, when administered alone, to be used for the treatment of mild-to-moderate COVID-19 in adults and certain pediatric patients. [13] The EUA was issued to Eli Lilly and Co. [3]
Bamlanivimab is a monoclonal antibody developed by AbCellera Biologics and Eli Lilly as a treatment for COVID-19. [8] The medication was granted an emergency use authorization (EUA) by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in November 2020, [9] [10] [11] and the EUA was revoked in April 2021.
Cosibelimab, sold under the brand name Unloxcyt, is a monoclonal antibody used for the treatment of cutaneous squamous-cell carcinoma. [1] It is a programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) blocking antibody.
It consists of two human monoclonal antibodies, casirivimab and imdevimab that must be mixed together and administered as an infusion or subcutaneous injection. [13] [8] [10] The combination of two antibodies is intended to prevent mutational escape. [14] It is also available as a co-formulated product. [13]
Mosunetuzumab, sold under the brand name Lunsumio, is a monoclonal antibody used for the treatment of follicular lymphoma. [2] [3] [5] It bispecifically binds CD20 and CD3 to engage T-cells. [2] [3] It was developed by Genentech. [6] The most common adverse reactions (≥20%) include cytokine release syndrome, fatigue, rash, pyrexia, and headache.