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This unsorted tree has non-unique values (e.g., the value 2 existing in different nodes, not in a single node only) and is non-binary (only up to two children nodes per parent node in a binary tree). The root node at the top (with the value 2 here), has no parent as it is the highest in the tree hierarchy.
A node's "parent" is a node one step higher in the hierarchy (i.e. closer to the root node) and lying on the same branch. "Sibling" ("brother" or "sister") nodes share the same parent node. A node's "uncles" (sometimes "ommers") are siblings of that node's parent. A node that is connected to all lower-level nodes is called an "ancestor".
This makes tree rotations useful for rebalancing a tree. Consider the terminology of Root for the parent node of the subtrees to rotate, Pivot for the node which will become the new parent node, RS for the side of rotation and OS for the opposite side of rotation. For the root Q in the diagram above, RS is C and OS is P. Using these terms, the ...
These nodes may contain a value or condition, or possibly serve as another independent data structure. Nodes are represented by a single parent node. The highest point on a tree structure is called a root node, which does not have a parent node, but serves as the parent or 'grandparent' of all of the nodes below it in the tree.
A tree whose root node has two subtrees, both of which are full binary trees. A perfect binary tree is a binary tree in which all interior nodes have two children and all leaves have the same depth or same level (the level of a node defined as the number of edges or links from the root node to a node). [18] A perfect binary tree is a full ...
Child Node - Any node connected to a parent node by a directed edge. Depth - Length of the path from the root to the node. The set of all nodes at a given depth is sometimes called a level of the tree. The root node is at depth zero. Height - Length of the path from the root to the deepest node in the tree. A (rooted) tree with only one node ...
To form a binary tree from an arbitrary k-ary tree by this method, the root of the original tree is made the root of the binary tree. Then, starting with the root, each node's leftmost child in the original tree is made its left child in the binary tree, and its nearest sibling to the right in the original tree is made its right child in the ...
Within a given tree, document order satisfies the following constraints: [5] The root node is the first node. Every node occurs before all of its children and descendants. Namespace Nodes immediately follow the Element Node with which they are associated. The relative order of Namespace Nodes is stable but implementation-dependent.