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Field drainage systems are differentiated in surface and subsurface field drainage systems. Sometimes (e.g., in irrigated , submerged rice fields ), a form of temporary drainage is required whereby the drainage system is allowed to function only on certain occasions (e.g., during the harvest period).
There are two types of drainage systems that are used by farmers: [4] Surface drainage: Facilitated by ditches and by maintaining natural channels to allow water to move downward by the force of gravity. Subsurface drainage: Built by burying pipes underground to remove excess water from the soil profile. Subsurface drainage is widely used by ...
Drainage has undergone a large-scale environmental review in the recent past [when?] in the United Kingdom. Sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS) are designed to encourage contractors to install drainage system that more closely mimic the natural flow of water in nature. Since 2010 local and neighbourhood planning in the UK is required by ...
The design of subsurface drainage systems in terms layout, depth and spacing of the drains is often done using subsurface drainage equations with parameters like drain depth, depth of the water table, soil depth, hydraulic conductivity of the soil and drain discharge. The drain discharge is found from an agricultural water balance.
For salinity control in such a case, annually an amount of drainage water is to be discharged from the aquifer by means of a subsurface drainage system and disposed of through a safe outlet. The drainage system may be horizontal (i.e. using pipes, tile drains or ditches) or vertical (drainage by wells).
Vertical drainage systems are drainage systems using pumped wells, either open dug wells or tube wells. Map of a well field for subsurface drainage with radial flow across concentrical cylinders representing the equipotentials. Both systems serve the same purposes, namely water table control and soil salinity control. Both systems can ...
A septic drain field, a septic tank, and associated piping compose a septic system. The drain field typically consists of an arrangement of trenches containing perforated pipes and porous material (often gravel) covered by a layer of soil to prevent animals (and surface runoff) from reaching the wastewater distributed within those trenches. [1]
A diagram of a traditional French drain. A French drain [1] (also known by other names including trench drain, blind drain, [1] rubble drain, [1] and rock drain [1]) is a trench filled with gravel or rock, or both, with or without a perforated pipe that redirects surface water and groundwater away from an area.
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