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Orbital measurements showed that this dust storm reduced the average temperature of the surface and raised the temperature of the atmosphere of Mars by 30 K. [31] The low density of the Martian atmosphere means that winds of 18 to 22 m/s (65 to 79 km/h) are needed to lift dust from the surface, but since Mars is so dry, the dust can stay in the ...
[3] [5] [2] The atmosphere of Mars is much thinner and colder than Earth's having a max density 20g/m 3 (about 2% of Earth’s value) with a temperature generally below zero down to -60 Celsius. The average surface pressure is about 610 pascals (0.088 psi) which is 0.6% of the Earth's value. [2]
The temperature at that time: 37 degrees Fahrenheit (2.8 degrees Celsius). [2] On August 21, 2012, one of two anemometers returned data with errors. After testing it was concluded that it was broken, probably hit by a rock on descent. [7] Martian winds can still be detected with the other sensor. [7]
After this NASA Ames Research Center started adding more data to improve the model and gain more insight into Martian weather and climate. Mars climate simulation models date as far back as the Viking missions to Mars. Most Mars climate simulation models were written by individual researchers that were never reused or open-sourced.
[9] [26] There can be large temperature swings on Mars, for example at the equator it may reach 70 degrees F (20 degrees C) in the daytime but then go down to minus 100 degrees F (−73 C) at night. [27] Examples of Mars surface temperatures: [27] Average −80 degrees Fahrenheit (−60 degrees Celsius).
From January through October, the average temperature was 58.26 degrees Fahrenheit (14.59 degrees Celsius), which is an anomaly of 3.29 degrees Fahrenheit (1.83 degrees Celsius) above typical values.
However, there are many obstacles to its habitability. The surface temperature averages about -60 degrees Celsius (-80 degrees Fahrenheit). [35] There are no permanent bodies of liquid water on the surface. The atmosphere is thin, and more than 96% of it is toxic carbon dioxide. Its atmospheric pressure is below 1% than that of Earth.
Image shows the warmest month average temperature (degrees Celsius) for Earth and the projected supercontinent (Pangea Ultima) in 250 million years, when it would be difficult for almost any ...