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In his book "Creative Engineering" (1959) Arnold distinguishes four areas of creative thinking: [55] (1) novel functionality, i.e. solutions that satisfy a novel need or solutions that satisfy an old need in an entirely new way, (2) higher performance levels of a solution, (3) lower production costs or (4) increased salability. [57]
A picture of an incandescent light bulb is symbolically associated with the formation of an idea, an example of creativity.. Creativity is the ability to form novel and valuable ideas or works using one's imagination.
In Csikszentmihalyi's five-step process to elicit creative thinking, incubation is a necessary step. [11] Meaning, the use of unconscious thought is needed to solve complex problems. [12] A problem such as 2+2 is a linear thought process that can performed in the consciousness.
The Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking, formerly the Minnesota Tests of Creative Thinking, is a test of creativity built on J. P. Guilford's work and created by Ellis Paul Torrance, the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking originally involved simple tests of divergent thinking and other problem-solving skills, which were scored on four scales ...
Creativity techniques are methods that encourage creative actions, whether in the arts or sciences. They focus on a variety of aspects of creativity, including techniques for idea generation and divergent thinking, methods of re-framing problems, changes in the affective environment and so on.
Williams' taxonomy is a hierarchical arrangement of eight creative thinking skills conceived, developed, and researched by Frank E. Williams, a researcher in educational psychology. [1] The taxonomy forms the basis of a differentiated instruction curriculum model used particularly with gifted students and in gifted education settings.
The book traces the history of key aesthetics concepts, including art, beauty, form, creativity, mimesis, and the aesthetic experience. Weber, Michel (2006). "Creativity, Efficacy and Vision: Ethics and Psychology in an Open Universe" .
Creative Pedagogy generalized the research in the field of creativity (Graham Wallas, Alex Osborn, J.P. Guilford, Sid Parnes, Ellis Paul Torrance, etc.) and put it into the classroom to improve the teaching/learning process. Creative Pedagogy is the result of applying the studies of creative process to the education process itself.