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The ratio of actual propagation speed to the speed of light is also called the velocity factor of the medium. The propagation delay of a physical link can be calculated by dividing the distance (the length of the medium) in meter by its propagation speed in m/s. Propagation time = Distance / propagation speed
When talking about circuit bit rates, people will interchangeably use the terms throughput, bandwidth and speed, and refer to a circuit as being a '64 k' circuit, or a '2 meg' circuit — meaning 64 kbit/s or 2 Mbit/s (see also the List of connection bandwidths). However, a '64 k' circuit will not transmit a '64 k' file in one second.
All higher ratios up to infinity are compressed into the range 100–200%. Ratio bandwidth is often expressed in octaves (i.e., as a frequency level) for wideband applications. An octave is a frequency ratio of 2:1 leading to this expression for the number of octaves, ().
The consumed bandwidth in bit/s, corresponds to achieved throughput or goodput, i.e., the average rate of successful data transfer through a communication path.The consumed bandwidth can be affected by technologies such as bandwidth shaping, bandwidth management, bandwidth throttling, bandwidth cap, bandwidth allocation (for example bandwidth allocation protocol and dynamic bandwidth ...
Since the distance travelled by a wave during is (where c is the speed of the wave in the medium), and since this distance corresponds to a round-trip time, we get: Result 1 The range resolution with a sinusoidal pulse is 1 2 c T {\textstyle {\frac {1}{2}}cT} where T {\displaystyle T} is the pulse Duration and, c {\displaystyle c} , the speed ...
In computer networking, the contention ratio is the ratio of the potential maximum demand to the actual bandwidth. The higher the contention ratio, the greater the number of users that may be trying to use the actual bandwidth at any one time and, therefore, the lower the effective bandwidth offered, especially at peak times. [1]
A typical choice of characteristic frequency is the sampling rate that is used to create the digital signal from a continuous one. The normalized quantity, f ′ = f f s , {\displaystyle f'={\tfrac {f}{f_{s}}},} has the unit cycle per sample regardless of whether the original signal is a function of time or distance.
In order to calculate the data transmission rate, one must multiply the transfer rate by the information channel width. For example, a data bus eight-bytes wide (64 bits) by definition transfers eight bytes in each transfer operation; at a transfer rate of 1 GT/s, the data rate would be 8 × 10 9 B /s, i.e. 8 GB/s, or approximately 7.45 GiB /s.