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In economics, capital goods or capital are "those durable produced goods that are in turn used as productive inputs for further production" of goods and services. [1] A typical example is the machinery used in a factory. At the macroeconomic level, "the nation's capital stock includes buildings, equipment, software, and inventories during a ...
In economics, economic rent is any payment to the owner of a factor of production in excess of the costs needed to bring that factor into production. [1] In classical economics, economic rent is any payment made (including imputed value) or benefit received for non-produced inputs such as location and for assets formed by creating official privilege over natural opportunities (e.g., patents).
Capital service as production factor was interpreted by Ayres and Warr [12] as useful work of production equipment, which makes it possible to reproduce historical rates of economic growth with considerable precision [11] [13] [12] [14] and without recourse to exogenous and unexplained technological progress, thereby overcoming the major flaw ...
Market analysis is typically the neoclassical answer to price questions, such as why does an apple cost less than an automobile, why does the performance of work command a wage, or how to account for interest as a reward for saving. An important device of neoclassical market analysis is the graph presenting supply and demand curves.
The distribution of rewards for different amounts of work determines the degree to which a market is considered winner-take-all. For example, most lottery games are 100% winner-take-all systems because one person takes the entire reward and the rest receive nothing. On the other hand, most manual work, such as picking apples, is the opposite of ...
In economics and accounting, the cost of capital is the cost of a company's funds (both debt and equity), or from an investor's point of view is "the required rate of return on a portfolio company's existing securities". [1] It is used to evaluate new projects of a company.
Such costs are separated into a firm's cost of debt and cost of equity and attributed to these two kinds of capital sources. A firm's overall cost of capital, which consists of the two types of capital costs, is then determined as the weighted average cost of capital. Knowing a firm's cost of capital is needed in order to make better decisions.
Instead of a reward for saving, interest, in the Keynesian analysis, is a reward for parting with liquidity. According to Keynes, money is the most liquid asset. Liquidity is an attribute to an asset. The more quickly an asset is converted into money the more liquid it is said to be. [1]