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A solenoid (/ ˈ s oʊ l ə n ɔɪ d / [1]) is a type of electromagnet formed by a helical coil of wire whose length is substantially greater than its diameter, [2] which generates a controlled magnetic field. The coil can produce a uniform magnetic field in a volume of space when an electric current is passed through it.
It was a 1-inch diameter version of the Leland solenoid that served as the camera shutter for Mariner-4's fly-by of Mars in July 1965. Solenoids of this variety continue to be used in countless modern applications and are still manufactured under Leland's original brand "Ledex", now owned by Johnson Electric .
A small solenoid can generate a limited force. An approximate relationship between the required solenoid force F s, the fluid pressure P, and the orifice area A for a direct acting solenoid valve is: [3] = = where d is the orifice diameter. A typical solenoid force might be 15 N (3.4 lb f).
The H-field strength inside a long solenoid wound with 79.58 turns per meter of a wire carrying 1 A is approximately 1 oersted. The preceding statement is exactly correct if the solenoid considered is infinite in length with the current evenly distributed over its surface.
A solenoid is a long, thin coil; i.e., a coil whose length is much greater than its diameter. Under these conditions, and without any magnetic material used, the magnetic flux density B {\displaystyle B} within the coil is practically constant and is given by B = μ 0 N i ℓ {\displaystyle B={\frac {\mu _{0}\,N\,i}{\ell }}}
"That's usually somewhere between Nov. 1 and March 1, but it's hard to predict exactly when," she adds. Right now, flu rates in the U.S. are just starting to rise, Foxman says, so the peak may ...
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