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The Dutch Reformed Church (Dutch: Nederlandse Hervormde Kerk, pronounced [ˈneːdərlɑntsə ɦɛrˈvɔr(ə)mdə ˈkɛr(ə)k], abbreviated NHK [ˌɛnɦaːˈkaː]) was the largest Christian denomination in the Netherlands from the onset of the Protestant Reformation in the 16th century until 1930. [1]
The Dutch Reformed Church in the American Colonies (1978) 279 pp. Fabend, H. H. Zion on the Hudson: Dutch New York and New Jersey in the Age of Revivals (2000) House, Renee S., and John W. Coakley, eds. ''Women in the History of the Reformed Church in America (1999) 182 pp. Historical Series of the Reformed Church in America. no. 5. Hansen, M.G.
The Netherlands Reformed Church recognizes two Sacraments: Holy Baptism and Lord's Supper. Children of members are usually baptized in the weeks or months following birth. The Lord's Supper, on the other hand, is usually held about four or five times per year although this may vary among individual churches.
In teaching, the Netherlands Reformed Churches were in many ways an orthodox Reformed Church. They held to the traditional confessions of the ancient church (the Nicene Creed, the Apostles' Creed, and the Athanasian Creed), as well as the Three Forms of Unity. As a Calvinist church, they practiced infant baptism. [5]
Reformed churches in the Palatinate and the Netherlands also celebrated the Circumcision of Christ (1 January). Historically, the Genevan church and the Church of Scotland did not celebrate any holiday but Sunday - however feast days are commonplace in both denominations now. The Church of England retained twenty-seven holy days. [2]
The original name of the church was Christian Reformed Church in the Netherlands (Christelijke Gereformeerde Kerk in Nederland, CGKN).The church was formed in 1869 by the merger of two churches, the Reformed Churches under the Cross and the Separated Christian Congregations, both separated from the Dutch Reformed Church in 1834; an event known as the Afscheiding.
The long process of reuniting with the Dutch Reformed Church began in 1962 and ended on May 1, 2004, when the GKN, the NHK and the Evangelical Lutheran Church merged to form the Protestant Church in the Netherlands. At that time, the Reformed Churches in the Netherlands had around 675,000 members, 400,000 of whom were churchgoers.
The concept of practical Christian formation was central to the theology of the Groningen School. “The basic thought-form that controls everything is this,” wrote Hofstede de Groot, “that the foremost thing about Christianity is the revelation and the education that God grants us in Jesus Christ in order to bring us into greater conformity with God…” [1] They drew upon Platonism ...