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The Coal strike of 1902 (also known as the anthracite coal strike) [1] [2] was a strike by the United Mine Workers of America in the anthracite coalfields of eastern Pennsylvania. Miners struck for higher wages, shorter workdays, and the recognition of their union. The strike threatened to shut down the winter fuel supply to major American cities.
The miners intimidated the strike breakers, so the mine owners raised a private army of an estimated 1,200 armed men. The gunmen were deputized by El Paso County Sheriff F. M. Bowers . [ 5 ] p.19 The miners were also armed, and were prepared for a confrontation.
Bituminous coal strike of 1977–78: United States Nationwide 1977–1978 Broken Hill miners' strike of 1892: Australia New South Wales: 1892 Cananea strike: Mexico Sonora: 1906 Cape Breton coal strike of 1981: Canada Nova Scotia: 1981 United Mine Workers: Coal Creek miners' strike of 1891–1892: United States Tennessee: 1891–1892 Columbine ...
The 1922 UMW Miner strike or The Big Coal Strike [1] was a nationwide general strike of miners in the US and Canada [a] after the United Mine Worker's (UMW) trade union contract expired on March 31, 1922. The strike decision was ordered March 22, to start effective April 1. Around 610,000 mine workers struck.
The Battle of Blair Mountain was the largest labor uprising in United States history and is the largest armed uprising since the American Civil War. [5] [6] The conflict occurred in Logan County, West Virginia, as part of the Coal Wars, a series of early-20th-century labor disputes in Appalachia.
The UMWA responded to the economic depression with the Coal Miners' Strike of 1897 and the Coal Strike of 1902. [4] The strikes offered a collective voice for miners to speak out against the deplorable conditions of mining camps and proved to be popular movement among miners in eastern mining regions.
By 1902, UMW membership in West Virginia had reached 5,000 miners. [4] Union membership among West Virginia coal miners remained low, however, especially in southern parts of the state. [3] Striking gained momentum as a tactic with the 1897 Coal Miner's Strike, which included mines in northern West Virginia's Pittsburgh seam. [5]
A statue of Mitchell stands on the grounds of the Lackawanna County Courthouse, Scranton, Pennsylvania, the site of the Coal Strike of 1902 negotiations in which President Roosevelt participated. Because of the significance of these negotiations, the statue and the Courthouse were added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1997.