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Plastic is the generic name for a family of synthetic materials derived from petrochemicals. It is often product of two or more components. It is often product of two or more components. There are many families of plastics and polymers being used in construction industry, such as acrylics , composites , expanded polystyrene , polycarbonates ...
Plastic pollution can be found in all the world's major water bodies, for example, creating garbage patches in all of the world's oceans and contaminating terrestrial ecosystems. Of all the plastic discarded so far, some 14% has been incinerated and less than 10% has been recycled. [2]
Plastic is so durable that it doesn’t break down or biodegrade but instead breaks up into smaller and smaller pieces,” meaning it will remain on earth for hundreds if not thousands of years ...
Based on the biphenylsulfonyl group, the polymer is thus durable heat resistant, oxidation resistant and still has a high stiffness even at elevated temperatures. The ether bond provides (as opposed to esters ) hydrolysis resistance as well as some flexibility, which leads to impact strength.
HDPE is known for its high strength-to-density ratio. [4] The density of HDPE ranges from 930 to 970 kg/m 3. [5] Although the density of HDPE is only marginally higher than that of low-density polyethylene, HDPE has little branching, giving it stronger intermolecular forces and tensile strength (38 MPa versus 21 MPa) than LDPE. [6]
Since 2008, Japan has increased plastic recycling, but still has a large amount of plastic wrapping which goes to waste. Plastic recycling in Japan is a potential US$90 billion market. [26] It is possible to rapidly convert polyethylene to hydrogen and graphene by heating. The energy needed is much less than for producing hydrogen by electrolysis.
The petrochemical industry has been trying to save itself by attempting to rapidly expand demand for plastic products worldwide (i.e. through pushbacks on plastic bans and by increasing the number of products wrapped in plastic in countries where plastic use is not already as widespread (i.e. developing nations)). [5]
The monomers of such perfluoroalkoxy alkane polymers, in common with other per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, are widespread in the environment due to human production and release of the chemicals; so durable that they are referred to as "forever chemicals"; and have detrimental health concerns not yet fully understood. [10]