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With respect to the MT-ATP6 reading frame (+3), the MT-ATP8 gene ends in the +1 reading frame with a TAG stop codon. The MT-ATP6 protein weighs 24.8 kDa and is composed of 226 amino acids . [ 8 ] [ 9 ] The protein is a subunit of the F 1 F o ATPase, also known as Complex V , which consists of 14 nuclear- and 2 mitochondrial-encoded subunits.
Stop codon (red dot) of the human mitochondrial DNA MT-ATP8 gene, and start codon (blue circle) of the MT-ATP6 gene. For each nucleotide triplet (square brackets), the corresponding amino acid is given (one-letter code), either in the +1 reading frame for MT-ATP8 (in red) or in the +3 frame for MT-ATP6 (in blue).
The most common MT-ATP6 mutation found with Leigh syndrome is a point mutation at nucleotide 8993 that changes a thymine to a guanine. This and other point mutations associated with Leigh syndrome destabilize or malform the protein complex and keep energy production down in affected cells. [ 11 ]
Start codon (blue circle) of the human mitochondrial DNA MT-ATP6 gene. For each nucleotide triplet (square brackets), the corresponding amino acid is given (one-letter code), either in the +1 reading frame for MT-ATP8 (in red) or in the +3 frame for MT-ATP6 (in blue). In this genomic region, the two genes overlap.
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With respect to the reading frame (+1) of MT-ATP8, the MT-ATP6 gene starts on the +3 reading frame. The MT-ATP8 protein weighs 8 kDa and is composed of 68 amino acids . [ 7 ] [ 8 ] The protein is a subunit of the F 1 F o ATPase, also known as Complex V , which consists of 14 nuclear- and 2 mitochondrial-encoded subunits.
English: The human genes MT-ATP8 and MT-ATP6 located in the mitochondrial DNA and coding for the ATP synthase F0 subunits 8 and 6 overlap on 46 nucleotides. The DNA sequence of this region of the human mitochondrial genome is given in black (positions 8,525 to 8,580 in the sequence accession NC_012920).
In this example, the following sequence is a region of the human mitochondrial genome with the two overlapping genes MT-ATP8 and MT-ATP6. When read from the beginning, these codons make sense to a ribosome and can be translated into amino acids (AA) under the vertebrate mitochondrial code :