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Memory address of the process C or CP: CPU usage and scheduling information COMMAND* Name of the process, including arguments, if any NI: nice value F: Flags PID: Process ID number PPID: ID number of the process's parent process PRI: Priority of the process RSS: Resident set size: S or STAT: Process status code START or STIME: Time when the ...
nice is a program found on Unix and Unix-like operating systems such as Linux. It directly maps to a kernel call of the same name. nice is used to invoke a utility or shell script with a particular CPU priority, thus giving the process more or less CPU time than other processes. A niceness of -20 is the lowest niceness, or highest priority.
The proc filesystem (procfs) is a special filesystem in Unix-like operating systems that presents information about processes and other system information in a hierarchical file-like structure, providing a more convenient and standardized method for dynamically accessing process data held in the kernel than traditional tracing methods or direct access to kernel memory.
The last string is the command that started the process. The state of a process can be changed using various commands. The fg command brings a process to the foreground, while bg sets a stopped process running in the background. bg and fg can take a job id as their first argument, to specify the process to act on.
The program produces an ordered list of running processes selected by user-specified criteria, and updates it periodically. Default ordering is by CPU usage, and only the top CPU consumers are shown. top shows how much processing power and memory are being used, as well as other information about the running processes.
Process management Mandatory Invoke a utility with an altered nice value Version 4 AT&T UNIX nl: Text processing Optional (XSI) Line numbering filter System III nm: C programming Optional (SD, XSI) Write the name list of an object file: Version 1 AT&T UNIX nohup: Process management Mandatory Invoke a utility immune to hangups: Version 4 AT&T ...
The program counter (PC), [1] commonly called the instruction pointer (IP) in Intel x86 and Itanium microprocessors, and sometimes called the instruction address register (IAR), [2] [1] the instruction counter, [3] or just part of the instruction sequencer, [4] is a processor register that indicates where a computer is in its program sequence.
The command ls -l is executed as a process, the output (stdout) of which is piped to the input (stdin) of the process for grep key; and likewise for the process for less. Each process takes input from the previous process and produces output for the next process via standard streams .