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Lord Macbeth, the Thane of Glamis and quickly the Thane of Cawdor, is the title character and main protagonist in William Shakespeare's Macbeth (c. 1603–1607). The character is loosely based on the historical king Macbeth of Scotland and is derived largely from the account in Holinshed's Chronicles (1577), a compilation of British history.
Macbeth was a favourite of the seventeenth-century diarist Samuel Pepys, who saw the play on 5 November 1664 ("admirably acted"), 28 December 1666 ("most excellently acted"), ten days later on 7 January 1667 ("though I saw it lately, yet [it] appears a most excellent play in all respects"), on 19 April 1667 ("one of the best plays for a stage ...
Three Witches, MacBeth, by James Henry Nixon, British Museum (1831). The concept of the Three Witches themselves may have been influenced by an Old Norse skaldic poem, [5] in which twelve valkyries weave and choose who is to be slain at the Battle of Clontarf (fought outside Dublin in 1014).
The traditional origin is said to be a curse set upon the play by a coven of witches, angry at Shakespeare for using a real spell. [2] One hypothesis for the origin of this superstition is that Macbeth, being a popular play, was commonly put on by theatres in financial trouble, or that the high production costs of Macbeth put theatres in financial trouble.
The earliest known film Macbeth was 1905's American short Death Scene From Macbeth, and short versions were produced in Italy in 1909 and France in 1910.Two notable early versions are lost: Ludwig Landmann produced a 47-minute version in Germany in 1913, and D. W. Griffith produced a 1916 version in America featuring the noted stage actor Herbert Beerbohm Tree. [1]
On the model privy pages from Shakespeare's Macbeth, Julius Caesar, Hamlet and Congreve's The Way of Ye World hang as toilet paper. Above the scene is the title, which places the action at a Newgate created by the scene-painter Devoto. [1] The three principals endure the brunt of Hogarth's satire.
When he was editor of The Westmorland Gazette in 1818, De Quincey made a point to expand the paper's normal remit into covering trials for murder and sex crimes. [1]: 229 Five years later, De Quincey used John Williams' massacre as a lens for viewing Macduff's arrival at a crime scene in "On the Knocking at the Gate in Macbeth".
A past paper is an examination paper from a previous year or previous years, usually used either for exam practice or for tests such as University of Oxford, [1] [2] University of Cambridge [3] College Collections.