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The majority of Alsace–Lorraine's inhabitants were sceptical of the German Empire during the first two decades and voted for regional parties (Alsace–Lorraine Protesters and Autonomists). After Chancellor Bismarck's dismissal in 1890, the party landscape loosened, and parties of the Empire (Social Democrats, Centre, National Liberals , Left ...
Thus, the Welches valleys of Alsace and the Metz region, not following the linguistic border, found themselves "imperial territory" under the official name of "Alsace-Lorraine" and the direct administration of Emperor William. The preliminary peace treaty of February 26, 1871, put an end to the fighting between France and Germany.
Alsace-Lorraine was occupied by Germany in 1940 during the Second World War. Although it was never formally annexed, Alsace-Lorraine was incorporated into the Greater German Reich, which had been restructured into Reichsgau. Alsace was merged with Baden, and Lorraine with the Saarland, to become part of a planned Westmark.
Besides the loss of the German colonial empire, the territories Germany lost were: Alsace-Lorraine, which became a part of the German Empire following the Treaty of Frankfurt on 10 May 1871, returned to French sovereignty without a plebiscite as a precondition to armistice (i.e. and therefore not as a clause of the Treaty of Versailles) with ...
Historical development of the language border in Lorraine (red Line actual border; yellow line border around the year 1500) After the Franco-Prussian War in 1871, part of Lorraine was annexed by the newly founded German Empire and, together with Alsace formed the Imperial Territory of Alsace-Lorraine (Reichsland Elsaß-Lothringen) until 1918.
Natural resources in Alsace-Lorraine (iron ore, and coal) do not appear to have played a role in Germany's fight for the areas annexed. [2] Military annexation was the main stated goal along with unification of the German people. At the same time, France lost 1,447,000 hectares, 1,694 villages and 1,597,000 inhabitants.
The merger of Alsace into Germany in 1871–1918 lessened antisemitic violence. [26] The constitution of the Reichsland of 1911 reserved one seat in the first chamber of the Landtag for a representative of the Jewish Consistory of Alsace–Lorraine (besides two seats respectively for the two main Christian denominations).
More recent scholarship has rejected this idea, claiming that Germany did not have an actual "distinctive path" any more than any other nation, a historiographic idea known as exceptionalism. [55] Instead, modern historians claim 1848 saw specific achievements by the liberal politicians.