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Social movement theory is an interdisciplinary study within the social sciences that generally seeks to explain why social mobilization occurs, the forms under which it manifests, as well as potential social, cultural, political, and economic consequences, such as the creation and functioning of social movements.
Political science – social science discipline concerned with the study of the state, government, and politics. Civics – the study of the theoretical and practical aspects of citizenship, its rights and duties; the duties of citizens to each other as members of a political body and to the government.
A social movement is a loosely organized effort by a large group of people to achieve a particular goal, typically a social or political one. [1] [2] This may be to carry out a social change, or to resist or undo one. It is a type of group action and may involve individuals, organizations, or both. [3]
Social science (often rendered in the plural as the social sciences) is one of the branches of science, devoted to the study of societies and the relationships among members within those societies. The term was formerly used to refer to the field of sociology , the original "science of society", established in the 18th century.
It was proposed that social class of origin acts as a ballast [73] restraining otherwise meritocratic social class movement, and that education is the primary means through which social class movement is both restrained and facilitated—therefore acting in a pivotal role.
According to Bert Klandermans, the "social construction of collective action frames" involves "public discourse, that is, the interface of media discourse and interpersonal interaction; persuasive communication during mobilization campaigns by movement organizations, their opponents and countermovement organizations; and consciousness raising ...
Krasner also drew on the work by Arthur and connected the idea of path dependence to the study of political institutions. [ 33 ] Douglass North , an economist and Nobel laureate , applied the idea of path dependence to institutions , which he defined as "the rules of the game in a society," and drew attention to the persistence of institutions.
In the study that popularized impact theory, William Gamson studied 53 social movement organizations that were active between 1800 and 1945, and coded each one for attributes of success and certain other organizational characteristics. Gamson's criterion for success included "New Advantages," or the attainment of organizational goals, and ...