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  2. Motor protein - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_protein

    Myosin II is an elongated protein that is formed from two heavy chains with motor heads and two light chains. Each myosin head contains actin and ATP binding site. The myosin heads bind and hydrolyze ATP, which provides the energy to walk toward the plus end of an actin filament. Myosin II are also vital in the process of cell division. For ...

  3. Myosin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myosin

    The effect of this release is a conformational change in the molecule that pulls against the actin. The release of the ADP molecule leads to the so-called rigor state of myosin. [9] The binding of a new ATP molecule will release myosin from actin. ATP hydrolysis within the myosin will cause it to bind to actin again to repeat the cycle.

  4. Myosin ATPase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myosin_ATPase

    Myosin ATPase (EC 3.6.4.1) is an enzyme with systematic name ATP phosphohydrolase (actin-translocating). [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction : ATP + H 2 O ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } ADP + phosphate

  5. Sliding filament theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sliding_filament_theory

    The first muscle protein discovered was myosin by a German scientist Willy Kühne, who extracted and named it in 1864. [7] In 1939 a Russian husband and wife team Vladimir Alexandrovich Engelhardt and Militsa Nikolaevna Lyubimova discovered that myosin had an enzymatic (called ATPase) property that can break down ATP to release energy. [8]

  6. Muscle contraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscle_contraction

    A cross-bridge is a myosin projection, consisting of two myosin heads, that extends from the thick filaments. [1] Each myosin head has two binding sites: one for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and another for actin. The binding of ATP to a myosin head detaches myosin from actin, thereby allowing myosin to bind to another actin molecule. Once ...

  7. Adenosine diphosphate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenosine_diphosphate

    The energy stored between these bonds can then be transferred to do work. For example, the transfer of energy from ATP to the protein myosin causes a conformational change when connecting to actin during muscle contraction. [1] The cycle of synthesis and degradation of ATP; 1 and 2 represent output and input of energy, respectively.

  8. Myosin light-chain kinase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myosin_light-chain_kinase

    The phosphorylation of MLC will enable the myosin crossbridge to bind to the actin filament and allow contraction to begin (through the crossbridge cycle). Since smooth muscle does not contain a troponin complex, as striated muscle does, this mechanism is the main pathway for regulating smooth muscle contraction. Reducing intracellular calcium ...

  9. Adenosine triphosphate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenosine_triphosphate

    Cells detect ATP using the purinergic receptor proteins P2X and P2Y. [40] ATP has been shown to be a critically important signalling molecule for microglia - neuron interactions in the adult brain, [41] as well as during brain development. [42] Furthermore, tissue-injury induced ATP-signalling is a major factor in rapid microglial phenotype ...