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Since there are two (homogeneous) factors of production this model is sometimes called the "2×2×2 model". The model has "variable factor proportions" between countries—highly developed countries have a comparatively high capital-to-labor ratio compared to developing countries.
In an economic model, an exogenous variable is one whose measure is determined outside the model and is imposed on the model, and an exogenous change is a change in an exogenous variable. [1]: p. 8 [2]: p. 202 [3]: p. 8 In contrast, an endogenous variable is a variable whose measure is determined by the model. An endogenous change is a change ...
Factor price equalization – The relative prices for two identical factors of production will eventually be equalized across countries because of international trade. Stolper–Samuelson theorem – A rise in the relative price of a good will lead to a rise in the return to that factor which is used most intensively in the production of the ...
A typical (quadratic) production function is shown in the following diagram under the assumption of a single variable input (or fixed ratios of inputs so they can be treated as a single variable). All points above the production function are unobtainable with current technology, all points below are technically feasible, and all points on the ...
Reiner Kümmel worked on the evaluation of energy, or more precisely exergy, as a production factor. He showed it can be seen as individual factor of production, with an elasticity larger than labor. [21] A cointegration analysis support results derived from linear exponential (LINEX) production functions. [22] The work of Ayres shows similar ...
The concept of a homogeneous function was originally introduced for functions of several real variables.With the definition of vector spaces at the end of 19th century, the concept has been naturally extended to functions between vector spaces, since a tuple of variable values can be considered as a coordinate vector.
There are three common ways to incorporate technology (or the efficiency with which factors of production are used) into a production function (here A is a scale factor, F is a production function, and Y is the amount of physical output produced): Hicks-neutral technology, or "factor augmenting": = (,)
Under this condition, even heterogeneous preferences can be represented by a single aggregate agent simply by summing over individual demand to market demand. However, some questions in economic theory cannot be accurately addressed without considering differences across agents, requiring a heterogeneous agent model.