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The chalk outcrop at Flamborough Head in the north produces a headland relatively resistant to coastal erosion whilst the coastline south of this at such places as Mappleton and Hornsea with their soft glacial deposits are vulnerable.
Chalk is a soft, white, porous, sedimentary carbonate rock.It is a form of limestone composed of the mineral calcite and originally formed deep under the sea by the compression of microscopic plankton that had settled to the sea floor.
Coastal erosion may be caused by hydraulic action, abrasion, impact and corrosion by wind and water, and other forces, natural or unnatural. [3] On non-rocky coasts, coastal erosion results in rock formations in areas where the coastline contains rock layers or fracture zones with varying resistance to erosion.
Chalk is the rock type associated most closely with the National Park and, in common with the chalk which provides other key landscape features in the southeast of England, was formed by the settling to the sea floor of myriad coccoliths (microscopic plates of calcium carbonate formed by single-celled algae known as coccolithophores) during the Late Cretaceous epoch between about 100 and 70 ...
Physical weathering, also called mechanical weathering or disaggregation, is the class of processes that causes the disintegration of rocks without chemical change. Physical weathering involves the breakdown of rocks into smaller fragments through processes such as expansion and contraction, mainly due to temperature changes.
The sedimentary rocks that are most likely to form cliffs include sandstone, limestone, chalk, and dolomite. Igneous rocks such as granite and basalt also often form cliffs. An escarpment (or scarp) is a type of cliff formed by the movement of a geologic fault , a landslide, or sometimes by rock slides or falling rocks which change the ...
The weight of overlying sediments caused the deposits to become consolidated into chalk. [9] British chalk deposits are considered stratigraphically to belong in the Chalk Group. Evidence of erosion along the cliff top. Due to the Alpine orogeny, a major mountain building event during the Cenozoic, the sea-floor deposits were raised above sea ...
Some are more resistant to weathering than the surrounding rock and stand up like walls, while others weather faster and form long narrow depressions. dip slope A geological formation often created by erosion of tilted strata. disconformity A surface that represents missing rock strata but beds above and below that surface are parallel to one ...