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In Russia the village co-operative (obshchina or mir), operated from pre-serfdom times until the 20th century. Raiffeisen and Schultz-Delitsch developed an independently formulated co-operative model in Germany, the credit union. The model also moved abroad, reaching the United States by the 1880s and the Knights of Labour's projects. [39]
The German Cooperative Financial Group (German: Genossenschaftliche FinanzGruppe Volksbanken Raiffeisenbanken, sometimes referred to in English as "Volksbanken Raiffeisenbanken Cooperative Financial Network") is a major cooperative banking network in Germany that includes local banks named Volksbanken ("people's banks") and Raiffeisenbanken ("Raiffeisen banks"), the latter in tribute to 19th ...
The societies were pre-cooperative organizations based on the principle of benevolent assistance. To ensure liquidity equalization between the small credit banks, in 1872 Raiffeisen created the first rural central bank at Neuwied , the “Rheinische Landwirtschaftliche Genossenschaftsbank” (Rhenish Agricultural Cooperative Bank).
The first working credit union models sprang up in Germany in the 1850s and 1860s, and by the end of the 19th Century had taken root in much of Europe. They drew inspiration from cooperative successes in other sectors, such as retail and agricultural marketing (see history of the cooperative movement).
The Zentralverband der deutschen Konsumgenossenschaften, or ZDK (English: The Central Association of the German Consumer Cooperatives) is for over one hundred years the syndicate of the Consumer Co-operatives in Germany.
The DGRV organises central enterprises of their regional federations - managing 5,500 enterprises and 16.6 million cooperative members, although the primary cooperatives are not a directly members of the DGRV. Approximately 400,000 people work and 35,000 people train within the German co-operative movement.
Amalie Raiffeisen (2 August 1846 - 11 January 1897) was a German social reformer.. By the 1860s her father, Friedrich Wilhelm Raiffeisen, was almost blind.By handling his correspondence with him she was indispensable in his creation of the Cooperative movement in Germany.
Caisse populaire is a synthesis of four popular savings and credit systems established in Germany, Italy and France: the Schulze-Delitzsch banks and Raiffeisen credit co-operatives (both later integrated into the German Cooperative Financial Group), the Luzzatti popular banks, and the caisses d'épargne. Desjardins stayed in close contact with ...