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  2. Pentane - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentane

    Pentane is an organic compound with the formula C 5 H 12 —that is, an alkane with five carbon atoms. The term may refer to any of three structural isomers, or to a mixture of them: in the IUPAC nomenclature, however, pentane means exclusively the n-pentane isomer, in which case pentanes refers to a mixture of them; the other two are called isopentane (methylbutane) and neopentane ...

  3. List of straight-chain alkanes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_straight-chain_alkanes

    Number of isomers [3] [4] Number of isomers including stereoisomers [3] [5] Molecular Formula Name of straight chain Synonyms 1 1 1 CH 4: methane: methyl hydride; natural gas 2 1 1 C 2 H 6: ethane: dimethyl; ethyl hydride; methyl methane 3 1 1 C 3 H 8: propane: dimethyl methane; propyl hydride 4 2 2 C 4 H 10: n-butane: butyl hydride ...

  4. Alkane - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkane

    However, the chain of carbon atoms may also be branched at one or more points. The number of possible isomers increases rapidly with the number of carbon atoms. For example, for acyclic alkanes: [3] C 1: methane only; C 2: ethane only; C 3: propane only; C 4: 2 isomers: butane and isobutane; C 5: 3 isomers: pentane, isopentane, and neopentane

  5. Structural isomer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_isomer

    [2] [3] The term metamer was formerly used for the same concept. [4] For example, butanol H 3 C−(CH 2) 3 −OH, methyl propyl ether H 3 C−(CH 2) 2 −O−CH 3, and diethyl ether (H 3 CCH 2 −) 2 O have the same molecular formula C 4 H 10 O but are three distinct structural isomers. The concept applies also to polyatomic ions with the same ...

  6. Isomerization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isomerization

    The compound with the formula (C 5 H 5) 2 Fe 2 (CO) 4 exists as three isomers in solution. In one isomer the CO ligands are terminal. When a pair of CO are bridging, cis and trans isomers are possible depending on the location of the C 5 H 5 groups. [7] Another example in organometallic chemistry is the linkage isomerization of ...

  7. Isomer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isomer

    The alcohol "3-propanol" is not another isomer, since the difference between it and 1-propanol is not real; it is only the result of an arbitrary choice in the direction of numbering the carbons along the chain. For the same reason, "ethoxymethane" is the same molecule as methoxyethane, not another isomer.

  8. History of atomic theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_atomic_theory

    Example 3 — nitrogen oxides: Dalton was aware of three oxides of nitrogen: "nitrous oxide", "nitrous gas", and "nitric acid". [16] These compounds are known today as nitrous oxide, nitric oxide, and nitrogen dioxide respectively. "Nitrous oxide" is 63.3% nitrogen and 36.7% oxygen, which means it has 80 g of oxygen for every 140 g of nitrogen.

  9. Cis–trans isomerism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cis–trans_isomerism

    The differences between cis and trans isomers can be larger if polar bonds are present, as in the 1,2-dichloroethenes. The cis isomer in this case has a boiling point of 60.3 °C, while the trans isomer has a boiling point of 47.5 °C. [6]