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A hypergolic propellant is a rocket propellant combination used in a rocket engine, whose components spontaneously ignite when they come into contact with each other. The two propellant components usually consist of a fuel and an oxidizer .
Specific impulse (usually abbreviated I sp) is a measure of how efficiently a reaction mass engine, such as a rocket using propellant or a jet engine using fuel, generates thrust.
The TR-201 or TR201 is a hypergolic pressure-fed rocket engine used to propel the upper stage of the Delta rocket, referred to as Delta-P, from 1972 to 1988. The rocket engine uses Aerozine 50 as fuel, and N 2 O 4 as oxidizer. It was developed in the early 1970s by TRW as a derivative of the lunar module descent engine (LMDE).
The Vikas (a portmanteau from initials of VIKram Ambalal Sarabhai [5] [6]) is a family of hypergolic liquid fuelled rocket engines conceptualized and designed by the Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre in the 1970s. [7] [8] The design was based on the licensed version of the Viking engine with the chemical pressurisation system. [9]
It became the propellant for most of the early American rockets and ballistic missiles such as the Atlas, Titan I, and Thor. The Soviets quickly adopted RP-1 for their R-7 missile, but the majority of Soviet launch vehicles ultimately used storable hypergolic propellants. As of 2017, it is used in the first stages of many orbital launchers.
The ascent propulsion system (APS) or lunar module ascent engine (LMAE) is a fixed-thrust hypergolic rocket engine developed by Bell Aerosystems for use in the Apollo Lunar Module ascent stage. It used Aerozine 50 fuel, and N 2 O 4 oxidizer.
It is powered by a hypergolic mixture of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (UDMH) fuel with dinitrogen tetroxide (N 2 O 4) oxidizer. [2] This combination is hypergolic, meaning the two substances ignite on contact, eliminating the need for an external ignition source. The RD-855 can orient its chambers within a range of ±42° using hydraulic ...
The AJ10 is a hypergolic rocket engine manufactured by Aerojet Rocketdyne (previously Aerojet).It has been used to propel the upper stages of several launch vehicles, including the Delta II and Titan III.