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Ternary diagram showing the relative abundance of quartz, feldspar, and lithic grains and views of what selected compositions would look like. A QFL diagram or QFL triangle is a type of ternary diagram that shows compositional data from sandstones and modern sands, point counted using the Gazzi-Dickinson method. The abbreviations used are as ...
QAPF diagrams are not used if mafic minerals make up more than 90% of the rock composition (for example: peridotites and pyroxenites). Instead, an alternate triangle plot diagram is used; (see Streckeisen diagram, lower right.) An exact name can be given only if the mineralogical composition is established, which cannot be determined in the field.
Each crystallographic point group defines the (geometric) crystal class of the crystal. The point group of a crystal determines, among other things, the directional variation of physical properties that arise from its structure, including optical properties such as birefringency , or electro-optical features such as the Pockels effect .
[12] Organic geochemistry, the study of the role of processes and compounds that are derived from living or once-living organisms. [13] Photogeochemistry is the study of light-induced chemical reactions that occur or may occur among natural components of the Earth's surface. [14]
Schematic diagrams showing the principles behind fractional crystallisation in a magma. While cooling, the magma evolves in composition because different minerals crystallize from the melt. 1: olivine crystallizes; 2: olivine and pyroxene crystallize; 3: pyroxene and plagioclase crystallize; 4: plagioclase crystallizes.
Figure 1. Petrogenetic grid for metapelites (several authors). [1] [2] Metamorphic facies included are: BS = Blueschist facies, EC = Eclogite facies, PP = Prehnite-Pumpellyite facies, GS = Granulite facies, EA = Epidote-Amphibolite facies, AM = Amphibolite facies, GRA = Granulite facies, UHT = Ultra-High Temperature facies, HAE = Hornfels-Albite-Epidote facies, Hbl = Hornblende-Hornfels facies ...
A crystalline solid: atomic resolution image of strontium titanate.Brighter spots are columns of strontium atoms and darker ones are titanium-oxygen columns. Octahedral and tetrahedral interstitial sites in a face centered cubic structure Kikuchi lines in an electron backscatter diffraction pattern of monocrystalline silicon, taken at 20 kV with a field-emission electron source
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to geology: . Geology – one of the Earth sciences – is the study of the Earth, with the general exclusion of present-day life, flow within the ocean, and the atmosphere.